Pharmacokinetics of oxolinic acid in black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon Fabricius, and the effect of cooking on residues

Abstract

This study examined the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of oxolinic acid (OA) in black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon Fabricius, in brackish water (salinity 10 g L À 1 ) at 28^29 1C, after intra-sinus (10 mg kg À1 ) and oral (50 mg kg À1 ) administration and also investigated the net changes of OA residues in the shrimp after cooking (boiling, baking and frying). The haemolymph concentrations of OA after intra-sinus dosing were best described by a two-compartment open model. The distribution and elimination half-lives were 0.84 and 17.7 h respectively. The apparent volume of distribution at a steady state and the total body clearance were estimated to be 2061mL kg À1 and 90.1mL kg À1 h À1 respectively. The bioavailability of OA after an oral administration was 7.9%. The peak haemolymph concentration, the time to peak haemolymph concentration and the elimination half-life after oral administration were 4.20 mg mL À1 , 4 h and 19.8 h respectively. Oxolinic acid muscle and shell levels increased to a maximum (muscle 1.76 mg g À1 and shell 8.17 mg g À1 ) at 4 h post administration and then decreased with the elimination half-life value of 20.2 and 21.9 h respectively. Residual OA in muscle and shell was reduced by 20^30% by each cooking procedure examined.

Significant improvement of shrimp growth performance by growth hormone-releasing peptide-6 immersion treatments

“…). Pharmacokinetics in invertebrates has been performed to study the performance of antibiotics after their administration by different routes, including bath administration (Gore, Harm, Kukanich, Forsythe, Lewbart & Papich ; Uno, Aoki, Kleechaya, Ruangpan & Tanasomwang ; Faroongsarng, Chandumpai, Chiayvareesajja & Theapparat ). To our knowledge, this is the first pharmacokinetic study of a peptide administered by immersion baths in crustaceans.…”

Effects of pesticides and antibiotics on penaeid shrimp with special emphases on behavioral and biomarker responses

“…The elimination half-life of OA from black tiger shrimp hemolymph was 17.7 h, which was almost half that found for kuruma shrimp (33.2 h). Uno et al [53] showed that a maximal hemolymph concentration of OA of 4.20 mg/ml was observed at 4 h after oral administration of 50 mg/kg body weight in back tiger shrimp, whereas it was 17.8 mg/ml at 7 h at the same dosing regime in kuruma shrimp [52]. These data indicate that the absorption rate in black tiger shrimp is more rapid than that in kuruma shrimp, whereas the extent of absorption in the former is lower than that in the latter.…”

“…The pharmacokinetic profile of OA has previously been extensively studied in finfish species, but there are few studies on the pharmacokinetics and residues of OA in penaeid shrimp [52,53]. Results from these studies indicated 932 Environ.…”

“…Results from Samuelsen [54] estimated that more than half of the OA applied may be left free in the surrounding environment. The bioavailability of OA was reported to be only 32.9% in kuruma shrimp [52] and as low as 7.9% in black tiger shrimp [53]. Oxytetracycline (OTC) is a commonly used antibiotic to fight bacterial infections in fish farming, and it has the potential to be used in farm-raised shrimp for the treatment of vibriosis and necrotizing hepatopancreatitis infections.…”

“…Legislation in some countries prescribed an MRL for OTC used in aquatic animals. For instance, the MRL for OTC is 0.1 mg/g in the EU, 0.2 mg/g in the United States, and 0.2 mg/g in Japan in edible tissues [53,56]. There have been a number of studies of OTC pharmacokinetics in penaeid shrimp [47,53,[56][57][58][59][60][61].…”