Pharmacokinetics of Marine-Derived Drugs

Abstract

Marine organisms represent an excellent source of innovative compounds that have the potential for the development of new drugs. The pharmacokinetics of marine drugs has attracted increasing interest in recent decades due to its effective and potential contribution to the selection of rational dosage recommendations and the optimal use of the therapeutic arsenal. In general, pharmacokinetics studies how drugs change after administration via the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). This review provides a summary of the pharmacokinetics studies of marine-derived active compounds, with a particular focus on their ADME. The pharmacokinetics of compounds derived from algae, crustaceans, sea cucumber, fungus, sea urchins, sponges, mollusks, tunicate, and bryozoan is discussed, and the pharmacokinetics data in human experiments are analyzed. In-depth characterization using pharmacokinetics is useful for obtaining information for understanding the molecular basis of pharmacological activity, for correct doses and treatment schemes selection, and for more effective drug application. Thus, an increase in pharmacokinetic research on marine-derived compounds is expected in the near future.

Chemistry, Chemotaxonomy and Biological Activity of the Latrunculid Sponges (Order Poecilosclerida, Family Latrunculiidae)

“…Similarly, many studies mostly omitted general toxicity assessments against non-cancerous cell lines, hence it is difficult to judge on the selectivity of some bioactive pyrroloiminoquinone alkaloids. With the growing number of new and potent natural products from the marine environment, pre-clinical and pharmacokinetic studies on sponge-derived molecules are increasing [ 154 ]. To the best of our knowledge, however, no pharmacokinetic investigation has been carried out on any latrunculid sponge metabolite.…”

Antiviral Potential of Algal Metabolites—A Comprehensive Review

“…Intraperitoneal administration (10 mg/kg) of fucoidans from Fucus evanescens protected mice with circa 50% efficacy from lethal intravaginal Herpes simplex-2 infection [ 28 ]. Further pharmacokinetic information on antiviral properties of fucoidans can be found in the recent review by Shikov and his colleagues [ 41 ].…”

Sea Urchin Pigments: Echinochrome A and Its Potential Implication in the Cytokine Storm Syndrome

“…77.99.03.935.Á.000138.06.04 dated 14 June 2004, TU 9350-064-02698170-2004; RU2340216C1). The chemistry and pharmacokinetics of EchA [ 11 ] were investigated and EchA was used in orally ingested formulations [ 12 ], complying with the Lipinski Rule of five for orally available compounds (data not published). We summarize the focus of our investigation in terms of pharmacological effects in Table 1 .…”