Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral amitriptyline and its active metabolite nortriptyline in Greyhound dogs

Norkus, Christopher L.; Rankin, David C.; KuKanich, Butch

doi:10.1111/vaa.12248

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…One consideration for the discrepancies between these works is that amitriptyline was administered to fed subjects in Norkus et al . (), while Kukes et al . () administered amitriptyline to fasted subjects.…”

Section: Pharmacokinetics Of Oral Amitriptyline After 81 Mg/kg As Ammentioning

confidence: 95%

“…A more recent pharmacokinetic study in Greyhound dogs administered 4 mg/kg p.o. found a much lower mean amitriptyline C MAX of 27.4 ng/mL and a low bioavailability of 6% (Norkus et al ., ).…”

Section: Pharmacokinetics Of Oral Amitriptyline After 81 Mg/kg As Ammentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Food may have limited the absorption of amitriptyline in Norkus et al . (). No food effect on drug absorption has been identified with amitriptyline in humans, but has not been reported in dogs.…”

Section: Pharmacokinetics Of Oral Amitriptyline After 81 Mg/kg As Ammentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The same subjects were used previously in Norkus et al . (). A complete physical examination, complete blood count (CBC), and blood chemistry panel indicated all dogs to be healthy.…”

Section: Pharmacokinetics Of Oral Amitriptyline After 81 Mg/kg As Ammentioning

confidence: 97%

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Evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of oral amitriptyline and its active metabolite nortriptyline in fed and fasted Greyhound dogs

Norkus

Rankin

KuKanich

2015

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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This study reports the pharmacokinetics of oral amitriptyline and its active metabolite nortriptyline in Greyhound dogs. Five healthy Greyhound dogs were enrolled in a randomized crossover design. A single oral dose of amitriptyline hydrochloride (actual mean dose 8.1 per kg) was administered to fasted or fed dogs. Blood samples were collected at predetermined times from 0 to 24 h after administration, and plasma drug concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analyses were performed. Two dogs in the fasted group vomited following amitriptyline administration and were excluded from analysis. The range of amitriptyline CMAX for the remaining fasted dogs (n = 3) was 22.8-64.5 ng/mL compared to 30.6-127 ng/mL for the fed dogs (n = 5). The range of the amitriptyline AUCINF for the three fasted dogs was 167-720 h·ng/mL compared to 287-1146 h·ng/mL for fed dogs. The relative bioavailability of amitriptyline in fasted dogs compared to fed dogs was 69-91% (n = 3). The exposure of the active metabolite nortriptyline was correlated to amitriptyline exposure (R(2) = 0.84). Due to pharmacokinetic variability and the small number of dogs completing this study, further studies are needed assessing the impact of feeding on oral amitriptyline pharmacokinetics. Amitriptyline may be more likely to cause vomiting in fasted dogs.

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Section: Pharmacokinetics Of Oral Amitriptyline After 81 Mg/kg As Ammentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Pharmacokinetics Of Oral Amitriptyline After 81 Mg/kg As Ammentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Pharmacokinetics Of Oral Amitriptyline After 81 Mg/kg As Ammentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The same subjects were used previously in Norkus et al . (). A complete physical examination, complete blood count (CBC), and blood chemistry panel indicated all dogs to be healthy.…”

Section: Pharmacokinetics Of Oral Amitriptyline After 81 Mg/kg As Ammentioning

confidence: 97%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of oral amitriptyline and its active metabolite nortriptyline in fed and fasted Greyhound dogs

Norkus

Rankin

KuKanich

2015

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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“…The drug inhibits neuronal reuptake of serotonin and noradrenaline, increasing the activity of descending inhibitory pathways that modulate afferent nociceptive input (Johnston, 2008). There are no published clinical trials on the clinical use of the drug in veterinary medicine although pharmacokinetic data has been obtained in greyhound dogs (Norkus, 2015).…”

Section: Other Analgesicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteoarthritis in brief. Part 2: management

Woods

2016

Companion Animal

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Osteoarthritis is a debilitating condition affecting up to 20% of canine and 60% feline patients. Whilst diagnosis is fairly straightforward, the aetiology behind the disease process and therefore the treatment strategies are not. Multimodal management is the mainstay of controlling clinical signs and ensuring patient comfort, however this involves potentially long-term pharmacologic and dietary control and requires significant client compliance. Research into disease pathogenesis and treatment strategies is ongoing but evidence, especially relating to many therapies and nutritional supplements is currently lacking. Genetic research continues as does that into mesenchymal stem cell therapy and cartilage repair and regeneration but clinical "cure" remains a distant objective. This second article aims to discuss multimodal management of the condition in more detail, including physical therapy, dietary management, analgesia and surgical strategies. It will briefly introduce the concept of cellular and targeted pharmacologic treatment and will hopefully encourage readers to undertake further reading on these topics.

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Behavior Drugs

Wendt‐Hornickle

2024

Pharmacology in Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia

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Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral amitriptyline and its active metabolite nortriptyline in Greyhound dogs

Cited by 14 publications

References 30 publications

Evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of oral amitriptyline and its active metabolite nortriptyline in fed and fasted Greyhound dogs

Evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of oral amitriptyline and its active metabolite nortriptyline in fed and fasted Greyhound dogs

Osteoarthritis in brief. Part 2: management

Behavior Drugs

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