Pharmacokinetics of Florfenicol After a Single Intramuscular Dose in White-Spotted Bamboo Sharks (Chiloscyllium Plagiosum)

Abstract

This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in the white-spotted bamboo shark (Chiloscyllium plagiosum). In addition to the pharmacokinetics, the potential application for treatment of bacterial meningitis was explored. A pilot study was used to compare doses of 30, 40, and 50 mg/kg i.m. Following that study, 10 adult sharks were administered a single i.m. dose of florfenicol at 40 mg/kg. Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid were collected and analyzed for florfenicol by a sensitive and specific high-pressure liquid chromatographic method. Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using both non-compartmental and compartmental techniques. The absorption produced an average peak at 54 (+/-19) hr from the i.m. site of administration, and the half-life was prolonged, averaging 269.79 hr (+/-135.87). Florfenicol plasma concentrations peaked at an average of 11.85 microg/ml (+/-1.45) and were maintained above our target minimum inhibitory concentration of 4-8 microg/ml for at least 120 hr. Cerebrospinal fluid concentrations peaked at an estimated 9 microg/ml around 48 hr, surpassing the target minimum inhibitory concentration for at least 72 hr.

Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in crucian carp (Carassius auratus cuvieri) after a single intramuscular or oral administration

“…The pharmacokinetics of FF has been reported in Atlantic salmon (Martinsen et al, 1993;Horsberg et al, 1994Horsberg et al, , 1996, red pacu (Lewbart et al, 2005), tilapia (Feng et al, 2008;Feng & Jia., 2009), cod (Hansen & Horsberg, 2000;Samuelsen et al, 2003), koi carp, and three spot gourami (Yanong & Curtis., 2005), Korean catfish (Park et al, 2006) and sharks (Zimmerman et al, 2006). The results showed that FF was absorbed rapidly, distributed extensively, and eliminated slowly.…”

“…, 2003), koi carp, and three spot gourami (Yanong & Curtis., 2005), Korean catfish (Park et al. , 2006) and sharks (Zimmerman et al. , 2006).…”

Pharmacokinetic Studies in Elasmobranchs: Meloxicam Administered at 0.5 mg/kg Using Intravenous, Intramuscular, and Oral Routes to Nursehound Sharks (Scyliorhinus stellaris)

“…Pharmacokinetic (PK) studies require frequent handling of the subjects for blood collection, making them less suitable for easily stressed, large or dangerous species ( 5 , 11 ). Very few PK studies have been carried out in elasmobranchs, and the ones performed used small benthic elasmobranch species such as the white bamboo shark ( Chiloscyllium plagiosum ) and the smooth dogfish ( Mustelus canis ) ( 12 , 13 ). An advantage of using elasmobranchs for the development of PK studies is that they are susceptible to tonic immobility (TI) ( 11 ).…”

Pharmacokinetic characteristics of florfenicol in green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) and hawksbill sea turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) after intramuscular administration

“…FFC is unresponsive to enzyme acetyltransferase that induces bacterial resistance to CAP, with FFC having a low risk of inducing aplastic anemia then it is exclusively design for complements the shortcomings of CAP (Dowling, 2013). A number of pharmacokinetic studies of FFC have been reported in aquatic animals, including Atlantic salmon (Horsberg et al, 1996), crucian carp (Yang et al, 2020), Nile tilapia (Rairat et al, 2019), pacu (Marques et al, 2018), and rainbow trout (Pourmolaie et al, 2015), common carp (Jangaran Nejad et al, 2017), rice field eel (Xie et al, 2013), snubnose pompano (Sumithra et al, 2023), and white-spotted bamboo sharks (Zimmerman et al, 2006), in mammalians, such as cattle (Lobell et al, 1994), dog (Birdane et al, 2015), goat (Verma et al, 2009), pig (Liu et al, 2003), and sheep (Shen et al, 2004), and in avian species, such as broiler chicken (Afifi & Abo el-Sooud, 1997), duck (Lan et al, 2019), geese (Tikhomirov et al, 2021), and turkey (Watteyn et al, 2018). However, there have been few reports on the pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of FFC in reptiles, especially in sea turtles.…”