Pharmacokinetics of Dextropropoxyphene in Acute Poisoning

Schou, Jens; Angelo, Helle R.; W, Dam; Jensen, K.; Christensen, J. Mark

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-66896-8_73

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, the quotient dxp/ndxp (= K) may be used to differentiate between an acute and a chronic poisoning. This is possible because the half life of the metabolite is much greater than the half life of dxp, which means that in most cases the metabolite will be present in a concentration higher than the concentration of dxp [8]. An exception to this is found in acute poisonings or chronic/ intermittent poisonings in combination with an acute poisoning.…”

Section: Blood Concentrations In Fatal Dxp Intoxicationsmentioning

confidence: 89%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fatal dextropropoxyphene poisonings in Jutland (Denmark)

Kaa

Dalgaard

1989

Z Rechtsmed

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For many years dextropropoxyphene (dxp) has been the medicament most frequently occurring in drug poisoning cases examined at the Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Aarhus. This study includes 85 cases of acute fatal poisoning examined in the period 1985-1987 in which dxp alone (40 cases) or in combination with alcohol (29 cases) and/or other drugs (16 cases) contributed significantly to death. Two-thirds of the deceased were men and one-third women. The average age was 37 years for both sexes. More than half of the deceased were drug and/or alcohol misusers. Eighteen were drug addicts. Half of the deaths resulted from accidents, while 40% were suicides. Accidental deaths prevailed among younger men. In a majority of the cases the drug had been taken orally. In these cases the median total blood concentration of dxp and the metabolite nordextropropoxyphene (ndxp) was 17 mg/kg in the suicide cases and 7.1 mg/kg in the accident cases. The corresponding figures for dxp without metabolite were 9.4 mg/kg and 2.2 mg/kg, respectively. The median value of the quotient dxp/ndxp was 1.9 in the suicide cases and 0.5 in the accident cases. The quotient, together with the concentrations of the drug, may therefore indicate the manner of death in many cases.

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Section: Blood Concentrations In Fatal Dxp Intoxicationsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…For many years dextropropoxyphene (dxp) has been a frequently used and misused drug in Denmark [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. During the period from 1981 to 1985 its sale in daily doses of 0.2 g increased from 7.7 to 9.3 per 1000 inhabitants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatal dextropropoxyphene poisonings in Jutland (Denmark)

Kaa

Dalgaard

1989

Z Rechtsmed

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“…The speed of onset of CNS depression appears incompatible with animal studies which show that dextropropoxyphene, in common with most opioids, delays gastric emptying. Clearly lethal quantities can be absorbed rapidly, perhaps before gastric emptying is significantly reduced and particularly if alcohol or other brain depressants are ingested simultaneously (Carson & Carson, 1977;Schou et al, 1978).…”

Section: Dextropropoxyphene Poisoning Due To Distalgesicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Features and Management of Distalgesic Overdose

Proudfoot

1984

Human Toxicology

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“…Previous reports suggest dextropropoxyphene is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and detectable in plasma 5 min after administration of the napthylate and hydrochloride by mouth (19), the peak concentration in plasma is reached between 1 and 2 h after oral administration to an empty stomach (20). Long plasma half-lives of dextropropoxyphene and norpropoxyphene have been reported in overdose (21), following repeated doses (22) and in the elderly (23). Half-lives of 14.6 h (24), 17.9 to 30.5 (21), 35.5 (23), for dextropropoxyphene and 6.1 to 32.9 (22), 53.3 (23) for norpropoxyphene have been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%