Pharmacokinetics of cefquinome in healthy and Pasteurella multocida‐infected rabbits

Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of cefquinome were studied in healthy and Pasteurella multocida-infected rabbits after a single intramuscular (IM) injection at 2 mg/kg of its sulfate salt. Twelve female New Zealand white rabbits (2.0-2.5 kg) were used; six of them served as controls, and the other six had been infected with P. multocida; the experiments were conducted 1-2 days after nasal inoculation of P. multocida when rabbits showed the signs of respiratory infection. Plasma concentrations of cefquinome were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. The values of elimination half-life, area under the curve, area under the first moment curve, and mean residence time were significantly lower in infected rabbits (0.48 hr, 4.54 hr*μg/ml, 3.63 hr* hr*μg/ml and 0.8 hr, respectively) than healthy rabbits (0.72 hr, 9.11 hr*μg/ml, 9.85 hr* hr*μg/ml and 1.1 hr, respectively), whereas total body clearance was significantly higher in infected than healthy rabbits. Therefore, P. multocida infection caused significant changes in some of the pharmacokinetic parameters of cefquinome in rabbits. These pharmacokinetic changes may affect dose regimen when used in P. multocida-infected rabbits.

Effects of experimentally induced respiratory disease on the pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of tulathromycin in meat goats

“…Three days prior to treatment, the six experimental group goats were administered P. multocida strain P1062 (type A3) via intratracheal and intranasal inoculation as described by Smith et al (manuscript pending). The isolate was grown from stock culture and standardized as previously reported (Elazab et al, ). Goats were assessed every 12 hr and deemed to be infected when tachypnea (respiratory rate >20% of that recorded at intake), abnormal lung sounds (defined as harsh bronchovesicular sounds, crackles, and wheezes) were noted along with infectious changes on the leukogram.…”

Optimal Regimens and Cutoff Evaluation of Tildipirosin Against Pasteurella multocida

“…Pasteurella multocida (PM) is a widespread pathogenic bacterium that can cause mucosal surfaces and respiratory tract infection in animals, which results in large economic losses in the livestock and poultry industry ( Holst et al, 1992 ; Elazab et al, 2018 ). Furthermore, there are a few reports on the resistance of PM response to macrolide including tildipirosin, tilmicosin, tylosin, etc.…”

Investigation of kinetic and tissue residues of cefquinome after its intramuscular administration in experimentally infected rabbits with Klebsiella pneumoniae

“…Following IM administration of cefquinome in a single dose (2 mg/kg b.wt.) to healthy and experimentally infected rabbits, the drug serum concentration can be described by twocompartment model, this was previously reported by (Elazab et al, 2018) in rabbits, while it was three-compartment in chickens (El -Sayed et al, 2015).…”

“…at a dose of 2 mg ⁄ kg body weight (b.wt.) into the gluteal muscles (Elazab et al, 2018). Instrument and chromatographic conditions:…”

“…Aliquots of calibrators, QC samples, and other serum samples (200 µl) were added to 100 μl of 5% (TCA) was added and mixed for 10 s, then centrifugation at 4,000 xg for 10 min. After centrifugation, the clear supernatant transferred into HPLC vial (Elazab et al, 2018).…”