Pharmacokinetics of butafosfan after intravenous and intramuscular administration in piglets

Abstract

The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of butafosfan in piglets were investigated following intravenous and intramuscular administration at a single dose of 10 mg/kg body weight. Plasma concentration-time data and relevant parameters were best described by noncompartmental analysis after intravenous and intramuscular injection. The data were analyzed through WinNolin 6.3 software. After intravenous administration, the mean pharmacokinetic parameters were determined as T of 3.30 h, Cl of 0.16 L kg/h, AUC of 64.49 ± 15.07 μg h/mL, V of 0.81 ± 0.44/kg, and MRT of 1.51 ± 0.27 h. Following intramuscular administration, the C (28.11 μg/mL) was achieved at T (0.31 h) with an absolute availability of 74.69%. Other major parameters including AUC and MRT were 48.29 ± 21.67 μg h/mL and 1.74 ± 0.29 h, respectively.

Establishment of an analytical method for butaphosphan (BTP), a stress-attenuating agent, and its application in the preliminary pharmacokinetic evaluation of residues in olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

“…In studies by both Du et al (2004) and Sun et al (2016), recovery from the above animal tissues was excellent and nearly 100%. In the present study, a level as low as 0.0025 mg/kg was quantifiable, indicating over 4 times the sensitivity than methods reported in previous studies (Du 2004; Sun et al 2016). In the current procedure and previous studies, recovery rates with the biological samples utilized were equally satisfactory, indicating that BTP recovery from animal tissues was not an obstacle in residue analysis.…”

“…The analytical method for BTP determination using a singular LC-MS was developed by Du (2004), reporting the quantification limit of 0.01 mg/kg in piglet tissues. More recently, Sun et al (2016) used an advanced LC-MS/MS method, a tandem MS system, to analyze BTP in piglet plasma samples with a quantifiable level of 0.05 mg/l. In studies by both Du et al (2004) and Sun et al (2016), recovery from the above animal tissues was excellent and nearly 100%.…”

“…More recently, Sun et al (2016) used an advanced LC-MS/MS method, a tandem MS system, to analyze BTP in piglet plasma samples with a quantifiable level of 0.05 mg/l. In studies by both Du et al (2004) and Sun et al (2016), recovery from the above animal tissues was excellent and nearly 100%. In the present study, a level as low as 0.0025 mg/kg was quantifiable, indicating over 4 times the sensitivity than methods reported in previous studies (Du 2004; Sun et al 2016).…”

“…Although only limited information is currently available, the pharmacokinetic behavior of BTP in the olive flounder appeared qualitatively similar to that in other animal species. In piglets, for example, BTP achieves peak levels as quickly as 18.6 min, with a reasonably efficacious absorption rate of 74.7% (Sun et al 2016), and rapid plasma. Furthermore, rapid clearance from the body was observed in horses, demonstrating a decline in plasma BTP from 87.8 μg/ml peaks to undetectable levels in 24 h ).…”

“…To perform a pharmacokinetic assessment, the establishment of an analytical method is a prerequisite. Analytical procedures for BTP have been developed for piglets (Sun et al 2016) and horses (Du 2004); however, no attempt has been made to develop a procedure suitable in fish tissues.…”