Pharmacokinetics of a F(ab′)2 scorpion antivenom administered intramuscularly in healthy human volunteers

Vázquez, Hilda; Chávez-Haro, Alfredo Luis; García-Ubbelohde, Walter; Paniagua-Solis, Jorge; Alagón, Alejandro; Sevcik, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2010.08.018

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…This enables multiple focal-plane imaging of light-sensitive living specimens over long time periods and observing fixed specimens with minimum dye bleaching. In agreement with this, it has been shown that in rabbits, horse IgG and IgG(T) are more effective in inducing anti-horse IgG than F(ab') 2 or Fab (Vázquez et al 2010a). Sevcik et al (2012) reported that different FITC-labeled Igs interact differently with erythrocytes and lymphocytes.…”

Section: Direct Antivenom Observation In the Body Using Hrdfmsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…The fast outflow of F(ab') 2 antivenoms from blood to tissues is not a characteristic exclusive to rams since it has been also observed in healthy human volunteers in the absence of envenoming (Vázquez et al 2005) and in rabbits (Vázquez et al 2010a). The nature of the mechanism extruding immunoglobulins from vessels is not exactly known but seems to be properties of vascular endothelium .…”

Section: Pharmacokinetics Of Venoms and Antivenomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pharmacokinetic modeling such as that sketched previously and the parameterization of diffusion and elimination speeds of venoms and antivenoms like in Tables 1 and 2 are essential to analyze precisely and to compare diverse therapeutic modalities Vázquez et al 2005;Sevcik et al 2007;Vázquez et al 2010a). Antivenom use is a therapist decision and is enormously important to optimally treat the patient to reduce envenoming to the absolute minimum intensity and duration.…”

Section: Therapeutic Modalities and Venom Pkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scorpion Venoms

2015

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In recent years, the field of toxinology has expanded substantially. On the one hand it studies venomous animals, plants and micro organisms in detail to understand their mode of action on targets. While on the other, it explores the biochemical composition, genomics and proteomics of toxins and venoms to understand their three interaction with life forms (especially humans), development of antidotes and exploring their pharmacological potential. Therefore, toxinology has deep linkages with biochemistry, molecular biology, anatomy and pharmacology. In addition, there is a fast-developing applied subfield, clinical toxinology, which deals with understanding and managing medical effects of toxins on human body. Given the huge impact of toxin-based deaths globally, and the potential of venom in generation of drugs for so-far incurable diseases (for example, diabetes, chronic pain), the continued research and growth of the field is imminent. This has led to the growth of research in the area and the consequent scholarly output by way of publications in journals and books. Despite this ever-growing body of literature within biomedical sciences, there is still no all-inclusive reference work available that collects all of the important biochemical, biomedical and clinical insights relating to toxinology. Composed of 11 volumes, Toxinology provides comprehensive and authoritative coverage of the main areas in toxinology, from fundamental concepts to new developments and applications in the field. Each volume comprises a focused and carefully chosen collection of contributions from leading names in the subject.

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Section: Direct Antivenom Observation In the Body Using Hrdfmsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Pharmacokinetics Of Venoms and Antivenomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Therapeutic Modalities and Venom Pkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scorpion Venoms

2015

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“…Since the concentration vs time curves deviated markedly from a tri-exponential model, pharmacokinetics parameters were calculated from AUC and AUMC values obtained by trapezoidal numerical integration of the curves (Vázquez et al, 2010 Where n is the number sampled points, and is the time at which was sampled. Likewise, If t n is long enough to be taken as a good approximation to infinity, Eqs.…”

Section: Pharmacokinetic Appendix 261 Non Multi-exponential Pharmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has gained significant attention because of several attractive advantages than mammalian IgG including low-cost, easiness and high yield (Schade et al, 2005;Sun et al, 2013). Besides this, IgY has high affinity and does not react with Fc receptors and thereby possess low risk of adverse reactions in immunotherapeutic applications (Vázquez et al, 2010). However, the information on clinical success for IgY usage has not explored well to draw strong conclusions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study on Pharmacokinetic Profiles of Chicken IgY to Horse IgG in Rabbits

Zhou

Wang

Gao

et al. 2018

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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ABSTRACT. Chicken IgY antibody has been extensively reported for various applications as an alternative to mammalian IgG. To evaluated the pharmacokinetics profile of chicken IgY in comparison with horse IgG. Chicken IgY antibody was prepared by immunizing the white leghorn chicken with tetanus toxoid (TT) and then extracted anti-TT-IgY from immune egg yolks by PEG-6000 extraction. The titer of anti-TT-IgY was determined by ELISA in order to select the hyper immune eggs for further extraction. Rabbits were injected with 300 μg/kg of Chicken IgY and horse IgG by intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) administrations. Then, the concentrations of IgY and IgG in rabbit serum were determined using indirect ELISA. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using non-compartmental analysis. IgY can reach higher concentration (C max = 4.54 mg/L after i.m. injection) within shorter time (T max = 0.12 h after i.m. injection) than IgG (C max = 3.99 ng/mL after i.m. injection; T max =0.11 h after i.m. injection), while the IgY lifespan (T 1/2 =26.98 h and 31.98 h after i.v. and i.m. administration, respectively) in the body was comparable with IgG (T 1/2 =27.94 h and 29.58 h after i.v. and i.m. administration, respectively). IgY might be a promising choice as an alternative to mammalian sourced antibodies.

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Toxinology: North American Scorpion Envenomations

Ruha¹

2017

Toxinology

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The Arizona bark scorpion, Centruroides sculpturatus, is the only scorpion endemic to the United States that produces a systemic envenomation in humans. Most stings do not result in serious symptoms however, and children are much more likely than adults to experience life-threatening effects. Serious envenomations are classified as Grade III and Grade IV. Findings include neuromuscular hyperactivity, with myoclonic muscle movements, fasciculations, thrashing and twisting of the torso, and restless agitation. Cranial nerve findings also occur and include opsoclonus, with dysconjugate and roving eye movements, as well as tongue fasciculations, hypersalivation, incoordination of pharyngeal muscles, and stridor. Local tissue findings at the sting site do not occur. Severe bark scorpion envenomation may be managed with supportive care and airway interventions as needed. Deaths occur from respiratory failure and hypoxia. An anti-Centruroides antivenom is available for treatment of serious bark scorpion stings. The antivenom reverses clinical toxicity within about an hour of administration. With or without antivenom treatment, most patients have full recovery from the envenomation in about 24 h.

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Pharmacokinetics of a F(ab′)2 scorpion antivenom administered intramuscularly in healthy human volunteers

Cited by 27 publications

References 22 publications

Scorpion Venoms

Scorpion Venoms

Comparative study on Pharmacokinetic Profiles of Chicken IgY to Horse IgG in Rabbits

Toxinology: North American Scorpion Envenomations

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