Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of florfenicol and florfenicol amine in snubnose pompano (Trachinotus blochii) following oral administration

Pharmacokinetic characteristics of florfenicol in green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) and hawksbill sea turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) after intramuscular administration

“…Compared to the present study, the T 1/2λ values in other poikilotherms and mammals were shorter: 12.49 h for Nile tilapia (Tirawat Rairat et al, 2019), 18.39 h for rice field eel (Xie et al, 2013), 9.35 h for snub-nosed pompano (Sumithra et al, 2023), 18.19 h for pig (Somogyi et al, 2023), 9.57 h for sheep (Shen et al, 2004), 7.89 h for goat (Verma et al, 2009), and 2.53 h for broiler chicken (Shen et al, 2003). These differences might have resulted from speciesspecific differences.…”

“…This difference might have been due to the different frequency of drug administration. In this study, animals were injected with FFC at a single administration throughout the experiment, while in crucian carp were injected at a multiple administration for five consecutive days, 10.83 μg/mL for rice field eel (Xie et al, 2013), 16.74 μg/ mL for Nile tilapia (Rairat et al, 2019), and 4.5 μg/mL for whitespotted bamboo sharks (Zimmerman et al, 2006) while the C max values were higher than that reported for snub-nosed pompano 0.80 μg/mL (Sumithra et al, 2023). The different of C max values might have been due to the different species, dosage, administration route, anatomical, physiological and blood supply at the area of drug injection which affect to the different of drug absorption (Kik & Mitchell, 2005).…”

“…FFC is unresponsive to enzyme acetyltransferase that induces bacterial resistance to CAP, with FFC having a low risk of inducing aplastic anemia then it is exclusively design for complements the shortcomings of CAP (Dowling, 2013). A number of pharmacokinetic studies of FFC have been reported in aquatic animals, including Atlantic salmon (Horsberg et al, 1996), crucian carp (Yang et al, 2020), Nile tilapia (Rairat et al, 2019), pacu (Marques et al, 2018), and rainbow trout (Pourmolaie et al, 2015), common carp (Jangaran Nejad et al, 2017), rice field eel (Xie et al, 2013), snubnose pompano (Sumithra et al, 2023), and white-spotted bamboo sharks (Zimmerman et al, 2006), in mammalians, such as cattle (Lobell et al, 1994), dog (Birdane et al, 2015), goat (Verma et al, 2009), pig (Liu et al, 2003), and sheep (Shen et al, 2004), and in avian species, such as broiler chicken (Afifi & Abo el-Sooud, 1997), duck (Lan et al, 2019), geese (Tikhomirov et al, 2021), and turkey (Watteyn et al, 2018). However, there have been few reports on the pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of FFC in reptiles, especially in sea turtles.…”

Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol and its metabolite florfenicol amine in the plasma, urine, and feces of fattening male donkeys following single oral administration

“…A recent study presented florfenicol to be a reliable option for the treatment of arthritis in pigs caused by Streptococcus suis ( 9 ). The pharmacokinetics of FF has been extensively studied in cattle ( 10 , 11 ), pigs ( 12 ), rabbits ( 13 ), dogs ( 14 ), llamas ( 15 ), sheep ( 16 ), chickens ( 17–19 ), turkeys ( 20 ), ducks ( 21 ), and fish ( 22 ), but pharmacokinetic studies in donkeys have not been reported.…”