Pharmacokinetics and clinical studies with cefadroxil in paediatrics

Windorfer, A; Bauer, P

doi:10.1093/jac/10.suppl_b.85

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…dosing schedule [7][8][9]. Phar macokinetic studies indicate that cefa droxil has a serum half-life approximately twice that of penicillin V and other orally administered cephalosporins [10,11], in addition to having high serum, tissue, and urine levels, low protein binding, and ab sorption unaffected by the ingestion of food.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phar macokinetic studies indicate that cefa droxil has a serum half-life approximately twice that of penicillin V and other orally administered cephalosporins [10,11], in addition to having high serum, tissue, and urine levels, low protein binding, and ab sorption unaffected by the ingestion of food. In children, the serum half-life of cefadroxil is 1.3-1.5 h, and serum levels are 1.0 pg/ml at 12 h after a 25-mg/kg dose a concentration of cefadroxil that ex ceeds the minimal inhibitory concentra tion (MIC) for most strains of GABHS [7,11,12], Because of its distinct pharmacokinetic profile, cefadroxil may represent an ad vantage over penicillin and other oral ce phalosporins in terms of patient conve nience and compliance. Of particular in terest is how once-a-day cefadroxil com pares with the multiple-dose agents in its class with respect to the initial and long term eradication of infectious pathogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Comparison of Once-Daily Cefadroxil and Thrice-Daily Cefaclor in the Treatment of Streptococcal Pharyngitis

Randolph¹

1988

Chemotherapy

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The efficacy of cefadroxil once daily and cefaclor given 3 times daily was compared in 250 pediatric patients with group A β-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis. The duration of the therapy was 10 days. Therapeutic response was based on clinical responses at 24 h and 10 days and throat cultures on days 14, and 21 or 28. Five (5%) cefa-droxil-treated patients and 12 (12%) cefaclor-treated patients were still culture-positive on day 14. When the patients were stratified according to major differences between treatment groups observed at baseline, a significant difference between the treatment groups in favor of cefadroxil was found on day 14 (p = 0.020) and days 21–28 (p = 0.043). These data were confirmed by the clinical findings; failure or clinical recurrence occurred in 4.6% of cefadroxil-treated patients versus 22.1 % of cefaclor-treated patients. The patients complied with the recommended drug regimen, and none experienced any significant drug-related adverse reactions. The results of this study indicate that cefadroxil given once daily for streptococcal pharyngitis is an effective and well-tolerated antimicrobial agent, and suggest that the desirable pharmacokinetic properties of cefadroxil contribute to this efficacy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Comparison of Once-Daily Cefadroxil and Thrice-Daily Cefaclor in the Treatment of Streptococcal Pharyngitis

Randolph¹

1988

Chemotherapy

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Once daily therapy for streptococcal pharyngitis with cefadroxil

Gerber

Randolph

Chanatry

et al. 1986

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Cefadroxil and cephalexin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in children with musculoskeletal infections

Haynes,

Wei,

Anderson

et al. 2024

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Cephalexin, a first-generation cephalosporin, is the first-line oral therapy for children with musculoskeletal infections due to methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Cefadroxil, a similar first-generation cephalosporin, is an attractive alternative to cephalexin given its longer half-life. In this study, we describe the comparative pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of cephalexin and cefadroxil in children with musculoskeletal infections. Children aged 6 months to 18 years with a musculoskeletal infection were enrolled in a prospective, open-label, crossover PK study and given single oral doses of cefadroxil (50–75 mg/kg up to 2,000 mg) and cephalexin (50 mg/kg up to 1,375 mg). Population PK models were developed and used for dosing simulations. Our primary PD target was the achievement of free antibiotic concentrations above the minimum inhibitory concentration ( f T >MIC) for 40% of the day for MICs ≤ 4 mg/L. PK of cephalexin ( n = 15) and cefadroxil ( n = 14) were best described using a one-compartment, first-order absorption model, with a lag time component for cefadroxil. PK parameters were notable for cefadroxil’s longer half-life (1.61 h) than cephalexin’s (1.10 h). For pediatric weight bands, our primary PD target was achieved by cephalexin 25 mg/kg/dose, maximum 750 mg/dose, administered three times daily and cefadroxil 40 mg/kg/dose, maximum 1,500 mg/dose, administered twice daily. More aggressive dosing was required to achieve higher PD targets. Among children with musculoskeletal infections, oral cephalexin and cefadroxil achieved PD targets for efficacy against MSSA. Given less frequent dosing, twice-daily cefadroxil should be further considered as an alternative to cephalexin for oral step-down therapy for serious infections due to MSSA.

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Pharmacokinetics and clinical studies with cefadroxil in paediatrics

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Clinical Comparison of Once-Daily Cefadroxil and Thrice-Daily Cefaclor in the Treatment of Streptococcal Pharyngitis

Clinical Comparison of Once-Daily Cefadroxil and Thrice-Daily Cefaclor in the Treatment of Streptococcal Pharyngitis

Once daily therapy for streptococcal pharyngitis with cefadroxil

Cefadroxil and cephalexin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in children with musculoskeletal infections

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