Pharmacokinetic study of ethanol and its metabolites during ethanol infusion

Alcohol‐Induced Electrical Remodeling: Effects of Sustained Short‐Term Ethanol Infusion on Ion Currents in Rabbit Atrium

“…Ethyl alcohol (30%, ethanol group, n = 4 animals) or NaCl (0.9%, placebo group, n = 4) was infused via 1 branch using a self‐developed tube system which prevents auto‐strangulation of the animal (maximum infusion velocity 0.8 ml/h/kg bodyweight), whereas the other branch of the catheter was used for repetitive blood withdrawals for determination of blood alcohol level. Because there are a strong interindividual differences of alcohol pharmacokinetics in rabbits (Fujimiya et al., 2003), individual kinetics of each animal was determined using a defined alcohol bolus infusion and consecutive measurements of blood alcohol level before the beginning of chronic alcohol infusion. These data were then used to calculate infusion velocity.…”

Different Mechanisms for Histone Acetylation by Ethanol and Its Metabolite Acetate in Rat Primary Hepatocytes

“…Because the liver is the primary organ for ethanol metabolism, hepatocytes are exposed to rather high acetate concentrations in vivo following ethanol administration, with the rate of acetate production from ethanol in the rat liver estimated to be about 1.4 mmol/min per 10 8 cells, or approximately 3.5-7 mmol/min per milliliters of cell volume (assuming a typical per cell volume of 2 to 4 Â 10 29 cm 3 per cell) (Buckley and Williamson, 1977). Perfusion of liver in live rat with ethanol has been shown to result in acetate concentrations as high as 10 mM in the perfusate (Topping et al, 1984), and blood levels of acetate can reach 2.5-3 mM in rats and rabbits following acute administration of ethanol (Suokas et al, 1984;Fujimiya et al, 2003). In human chronic alcoholics, blood acetate levels close to 2 mM have been reported (Nuutinen et al, 1985).…”

"Infusão de glicose e tiamina em ratos tratados com dose aguda de etanol"

“…A via da álcool desidrogenase confere uma cinética de eliminação do etanol de ordem zero, ou seja, há uma relação de dose-dependência na qual, em alta concentração, o sistema torna-se saturado (Winek e Murphy, 1984;Pastino e Conolly, 2000;Fujimiya, Ohbora et al, 2003).…”