Pharmacokinetic Profile of Oral Administration of Mefloquine to Clinically Normal Cats: A Preliminary In-Vivo Study of a Potential Treatment for Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)

Yu, Jane; Kimble, Benjamin; Norris, Jacqueline M.; Govendir, Merran

doi:10.3390/ani10061000

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“… 2020a , 2019 , 2020b ; Yu et al. 2020 ). Considerably less is known about hexamethylene amiloride, particularly with respect to its safety (McDonagh et al.…”

Section: Fip Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mefloquine’s pharmacokinetic profile in cats has been investigated in anticipation of undertaking clinical trials to inhibit feline coronavirus and feline calicivirus in those cats clinically affected by these viral infections (Yu et al. 2020 ). Further research on the clinical efficacy of mefloquine in FIP-confirmed cats is underway.…”

Section: Fip Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current status on treatment options for feline infectious peritonitis and SARS-CoV-2 positive cats

Izes

Norris

et al. 2020

Veterinary Quarterly

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Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a viral-induced, immune-mediated disease of cats caused by virulent biotypes of feline coronaviruses (FCoV), known as the feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV). Historically, three major pharmacological approaches have been employed to treat FIP: (1) immunomodulators to stimulate the patient's immune system non-specifically to reduce the clinical effects of the virus through a robust immune response, (2) immunosuppressive agents to dampen clinical signs temporarily, and (3) re-purposed human antiviral drugs, all of which have been unsuccessful to date in providing reliable efficacious treatment options for FIPV. Recently, antiviral studies investigating the broad-spectrum coronavirus protease inhibitor, GC376 and the adenosine nucleoside analogue GS-441524, have resulted in increased survival rates and clinical cure in many patients. However, prescriber access to these antiviral therapies is currently problematic as they have not yet obtained registration for veterinary use. Consequently, FIP remains challenging to treat. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the current status of therapeutics for FIP. Additionally, due to interest in coronaviruses resulting from the current human pandemic, this review provides information on domesticated cats identified as SARS-CoV-2 positive.

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“… 2020a , 2019 , 2020b ; Yu et al. 2020 ). Considerably less is known about hexamethylene amiloride, particularly with respect to its safety (McDonagh et al.…”

Section: Fip Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fip Therapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status on treatment options for feline infectious peritonitis and SARS-CoV-2 positive cats

Izes

Norris

et al. 2020

Veterinary Quarterly

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“…In einer Studie zur Pharmakokinetik von Mefl oquin wurde das Medikament klinisch gesunden Katzen oral verabreicht. Als Nebenwirkungen wurden Erbrechen nach Eingabe ohne Futter sowie ein Anstieg der Konzentration von symmetrischem Dimethyl-Arginin (SDMA) gezeigt [ 49 ] .…”

Section: Mefl Oquinunclassified

Optionen zur Therapie der felinen infektiösen Peritonitis – früher und heute

Krentz,

Bergmann,

Felten

et al. 2023

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere

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ZusammenfassungDie feline infektiöse Peritonitis (FIP) ist eine der häufigsten Infektionskrankheiten bei Katzen und verläuft unbehandelt tödlich. Bisher gibt es in Deutschland keine legal verfügbare wirksame Therapie. Therapieoptionen reichen von der symptomatischen Therapie (z. B. Glukokortikoide, Propentofyllin) über immunmodulatorische Ansätze (z. B. Interferone, Polyprenyl-Immunstimulanz) bis hin zur antiviralen Therapie mit einem Protease-Inhibitor (z. B. GC376) oder Nukleosid-Analoga (z. B. GS-441524, Remdesivir). Die symptomatische Therapie führt nicht zur Heilung der FIP, sondern nur zu einer kurzzeitigen Verbesserung der klinischen Symptome bei wenigen Katzen. Auch eine immunmodulatorische Therapie stellte sich als wenig erfolgversprechend heraus. Die antiviralen Medikamente GS-441524 und GC376 waren in mehreren Studien hochwirksam und konnten das Leben vieler an FIP erkrankten Katzen retten. Beide Wirkstoffe sind aktuell in Deutschland nicht zugelassen und können von Tierärzten nicht legal angewendet werden. Katzen dürfen aktuell nur in wenigen Ländern (z. B. Großbritannien und Australien) legal mit GS-441524 therapiert werden. GS-441524 wird daher von Katzenbesitzern in vielen anderen Ländern über den Schwarzmarkt bestellt und in Eigenregie angewendet. Dieser Artikel gibt eine Übersicht über verfügbare Therapieoptionen und einen Ausblick zur legalen Anwendung wirksamer antiviraler Medikamente.

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Feline Coronavirus Antivirals: A Review

et al. 2021

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Feline coronaviruses (FCoV) are common viral pathogens of cats. They usually induce asymptomatic infections but some FCoV strains, named Feline Infectious Peritonitis Viruses (FIPV) lead to a systematic fatal disease, the feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). While no treatments are approved as of yet, numerous studies have been explored with the hope to develop therapeutic compounds. In recent years, two novel molecules (GS-441524 and GC376) have raised hopes given the encouraging results, but some concerns about the use of these molecules persist, such as the fear of the emergence of viral escape mutants or the difficult tissue distribution of these antivirals in certain affected organs. This review will summarize current findings and leads in the development of antiviral therapy against FCoV both in vitro and in vivo, with the description of their mechanisms of action when known. It highlights the molecules, which could have a broader effect on different coronaviruses. In the context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the development of antivirals is an urgent need and FIP could be a valuable model to help this research area.

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Pharmacokinetic Profile of Oral Administration of Mefloquine to Clinically Normal Cats: A Preliminary In-Vivo Study of a Potential Treatment for Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)

Cited by 5 publications

References 63 publications

Current status on treatment options for feline infectious peritonitis and SARS-CoV-2 positive cats

Current status on treatment options for feline infectious peritonitis and SARS-CoV-2 positive cats

Optionen zur Therapie der felinen infektiösen Peritonitis – früher und heute

Feline Coronavirus Antivirals: A Review

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