Pharmacokinetic Interaction between Zidovudine and Trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole in HIV‐1 Infected Children

Dallas, Shannon; Read, Stanley; King, Susan; Koren, Gideon; Bendayan, Reina

doi:10.1155/2000/640718

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…After continuous intravenous infusion of zidovudine 0.5 to 1.8 mg/kg in 21 children aged between 14 months and 12 years with HIV infection, the CSF to plasma ratio of zidovudine was 0.24. Although coadministration of zidovudine and ganciclovir should be avoided because of the high rate of hematologic intolerance, no clinically significant changes were seen when zidovudine was administered to patients receiving concomitant cotrimoxazole, [82] levofloxacin, [83] azithromycin, [84] dipyridamole, [85] foscarnet, [86] aciclovir, [87] famciclovir [88] or interferon-α. antimicrobials, sedatives and analgesics); hence, the potential for drug interactions is high.…”

Section: In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zidovudine

Bhana¹,

Ormrod²,

Perry³

et al. 2002

Pediatric Drugs

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Zidovudine, as monotherapy or in combination with other antiretroviral agents, remains a first-choice therapy for the prophylaxis of mother-to-child HIV transmission as shown by substantial reductions in transmission rates. Where feasible, the optimal strategy to prevent vertical transmission is to combine drug therapy with Cesarean section delivery and no breast-feeding. In addition, zidovudine in combination with another nucleoside analogue and a protease inhibitor is a first- or second-choice therapy for the treatment of pediatric HIV infection as significant and sustained reductions in viral load have been shown in both plasma and cerebrospinal fluid.

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Section: In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zidovudine

Bhana¹,

Ormrod²,

Perry³

et al. 2002

Pediatric Drugs

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Zidovudine

Bhana¹,

Ormrod²,

Perry³

et al. 2002

Pediatric Drugs

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Drug-drug interactions in ageing HIV-infected individuals

Fasinu¹

2012

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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The effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy has significantly improved life expectancy of HIV-infected individuals. Global campaigns and awareness programmes have led to substantial drop in the rate of new infections. Consequently, the proportion of ageing HIV-infected individuals continues to increase. HIV-associated and age-related comorbidity necessitates polypharmacy in ageing individuals living with HIV/AIDS. The risk of drug-drug interaction increases with the number of administered drugs. Agerelated changes in the body physiology are known to influence pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of administered drugs. These changes include reduction in blood flow to major organs, decline in metabolic activities, body mass shrinking and changes in body water and fat proportion. These factors contribute to the perceived and reported higher incidence of drug-drug interaction in this population. The current paper reviews the reported incidence of drug-drug interactions in ageing HIVinfected individuals, providing relative mechanisms and possible factors responsible in comparison to younger population. Health professionals should be aware of the drug interaction risks involved in the management of HIV/AIDS in the ageing population; be able to anticipate them based on concomitant medications and manage them as necessary.

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Pharmacokinetic Interaction between Zidovudine and Trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole in HIV‐1 Infected Children

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Zidovudine

Zidovudine

Zidovudine

Drug-drug interactions in ageing HIV-infected individuals

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