Pharmacokinetic Determination and Analysis of Nortriptyline Based on GC–MS Coupled with Hollow-Fiber Drop-to-Drop Solvent Microextraction Technique

Jagtap, Pratik; Tapadia, Kavita

doi:10.4155/bio-2017-0207

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…One of the steps to take into account in an analytical method is the isolation and concentration of analytes of interest from the biological samples under study; the most used procedures for extracting antidepressants are liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) [6,17], solid-phase extraction (SPE) [6,[18][19][20], and some miniaturized techniques-such as solidphase microextraction (SPME) [6,21,22], microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS) [6,[23][24][25], and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) [6,[26][27][28][29][30][31]. There are also several methods involving gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) [26,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] or tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) [27,[39][40][41][42][43], ultraviolet (UV) [22,28,[44][45][46][47][48], fluorescence [25], diode array (DAD) or photodiode array (PDA)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Method for the Monitoring of Antidepressants in Oral Fluid Using Dried Spot Sampling

et al. 2021

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The increase in the consumption of antidepressants is a public health problem worldwide, as these are a class of compounds widely used in the treatment of several illnesses, such as depression and anxiety. This work aimed to develop and optimize a method for the quantification of a number of antidepressants and their metabolites (fluoxetine, venlafaxine, O-desmethylvenlafaxine, citalopram, sertraline, and paroxetine) in 100 µL of oral fluid using the dried saliva spots (DSS) sampling approach and gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS). The method was validated, presenting linearity within the studied range, with detection and quantification limits ranging between 10 and 100 ng/mL, and coefficients of determination (R2) of at least 0.99 for all analytes. Recoveries were between approximately 13 and 46%. The analysis of precision and accuracy presented acceptable coefficients of variation and relative errors, considering the criteria usually accepted in the validation of bioanalytical procedures. The method herein described is the first to be reported using DSS for the extraction of antidepressants, proving to be a sensitive, simple, and fast alternative to conventional techniques, and capable of being routinely applied in clinical and forensic toxicology scenarios.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Method for the Monitoring of Antidepressants in Oral Fluid Using Dried Spot Sampling

et al. 2021

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“…Table 1 summarizes and compares the sensitivity levels provided by different analytical methods [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ] proposed for the determination of antidepressant drugs in biological fluids. The new approach provided the best results thanks to the use of direct infusion MS as instrumental technique.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanohorn Suprastructures on a Paper Support as a Sorptive Phase

et al. 2018

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This article describes a method for the modification of paper with single-wall carbon nanohorns (SWCNHs) to form stable suprastructures. The SWCNHs form stable dahlia-like aggregates in solution that are then self-assembled into superior structures if the solvent is evaporated. Dipping paper sections into a dispersion of SWCNHs leads to the formation of a thin film that can be used for microextraction purposes. The coated paper can be easily handled with a simple pipette tip, paving the way for disposable extraction units. As a proof of concept, the extraction of antidepressants from urine and their determination by direct infusion mass spectrometry is studied. Limits of detection (LODs) were 10 ng/L for desipramine, amitriptyline, and mianserin, while the precision, expressed as a relative standard deviation, was 7.2%, 7.3%, and 9.8%, respectively.

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“…Thus, the extraction of the drug was performed with 0.6 µL of toluene as a solvent for 12 min extraction time by immersing the fiber in the aqueous sample solution (pH 9.8). For the separation, a DB-5 capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm × 1 µm) with the assist of helium (flow: 1 mL/min) LOQ value was 234 ng/mL and recovery ranged from 97.33% to 103.66% [70].…”

Section: Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carrier gas: He (flow rate of 1 mL/min). Detector: 260 • C Column: 100 • C (1 min), 50 • C/min to 190 • C, 5 • C/min to 225 • C (3 min), 20 • C/min to 300 • C (5 min)drop-to-drop solvent microextraction Column: DB-5 (30 m × 0.25 mm i.d., 1 µm) Carrier gas: of helium (flow: 1 mL/min) Injection mode: splitless Injector: 250 • C and Detector: 300 • C Oven: 80 • C (3min), 20 • C/min to 250 • C (3 min).MS234 97.33-103.66%[70]…”

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confidence: 99%

Applications of Gas Chromatography for the Analysis of Tricyclic Antidepressants in Biological Matrices

Manousi

Samanidou

2019

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Tricyclic antidepressant drugs (TCAs) are a main category of antidepressants, which are until today widely used for the treatment of psychological disorders due to their low cost and their high efficiency. Therefore, there is a great demand for method development for the determination of TCAs in biofluids, especially for therapeutic drug monitoring. Gas chromatography (GC) was the first chromatographic technique implemented for this purpose. With the recent development in the field of sample preparation, many novel GC applications have been developed. Herein, we aim to report the recent application of GC for the determination of tricyclic antidepressants in biofluids. Emphasis is given to novel extraction techniques and novel materials used for sample preparation.

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Pharmacokinetic Determination and Analysis of Nortriptyline Based on GC–MS Coupled with Hollow-Fiber Drop-to-Drop Solvent Microextraction Technique

Abstract: The LOD for the drug was obtained to be 0.007, 0.009 and 0.021 μg ml in deionized water, urine and blood samples of human subjects, respectively. Linearity was obtained over the concentration range of 0.5-5.0 mg l in deionized water with correlation coefficient 0.99672.

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

New Method for the Monitoring of Antidepressants in Oral Fluid Using Dried Spot Sampling

New Method for the Monitoring of Antidepressants in Oral Fluid Using Dried Spot Sampling

Carbon Nanohorn Suprastructures on a Paper Support as a Sorptive Phase

Applications of Gas Chromatography for the Analysis of Tricyclic Antidepressants in Biological Matrices

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