Pharmacokinetic and Safety of CT-P10, a Biosimilar Candidate to the Rituximab Reference Product, in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Advanced Stage Follicular Lymphoma (AFL)

Abstract

Background: CT-P10 is a biosimilar candidate to the reference rituximab product, EU-approved MabThera® and US-licensed Rituxan®. CT-P10 has an identical amino acid sequence and highly similar physicochemical and in vitro functional properties to its reference drug. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, CT-P10 has demonstrated compelling similarity in pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), efficacy, safety and immunogenicity (Yoo DH, et al. Arthritis Rheum. 2013;65(10):1736). Objective: The goal of this study was to demonstrate PK similarity of CT-P10 to rituximab, each administered in combination with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (CVP) in patients with newly diagnosed Advanced Follicular Lymphoma (AFL) (NCT02162771) (Kim WS et al. Blood. 2015;126(23): 5111). The results of PK, PD, safety and immunogenicity up to Core Cycle 4 (12 weeks) are presented here from this ongoing study. Methods: Patients with AFL were randomized 1:1 to receive infusion (375mg/m2) of either CT-P10 or rituximab, at a 3-week interval, in combination with CVP. PK analysis was conducted in terms of AUCtau and Cmax at steady state, Core Cycle 4, as primary PK endpoints. PK parameter values considered as outliers determined by robust regression outlier testing were excluded from the pharmacokinetic primary analysis. Results: In total, 121 patients were randomly assigned to receive either CT-P10 (n=59) or rituximab (n=62) in combination with CVP. Result of CT-P10 PK at Core Cycle 4 was similar to that of rituximab. The ratios (90% CI) of geometric least square means (CT-P10 to rituximab treatment group) were 102.3% (94.1%-111.2%) for AUCtau and 100.7% (93.8%-108.0%) for CmaxSS at Core Cycle 4. The 90% CIs of ratio of geometric LS means for both AUCtau and CmaxSS were entirely contained within the equivalence margin of 80% to 125% (Table 1 and Figure 1). Mean serum concentrations of the study drug were highly similar for the 2 treatment groups at each time point (Core Cycle 1 to 4). The B-cell kinetics was similar up to Core Cycle 4 in the 2 treatment groups. Median number of B-cells decreased to below the lower limit of quantification (LLoQ) (20 cells/μL) 1 hour after the end of infusion at Core Cycle 1 and remained below the LLoQ at each subsequent cycle, up to and including Core Cycle 4. The proportion of patients with a positive anti-drug antibody up to Core Cycle 4 at post-treatment visits was similar between the 2 treatment groups; 3/59 (5.1%) patients and 2/62 (3.2%) patients in the CT-P10 and rituximab groups, respectively. In addition, CT-P10 was well tolerated and the safety profile of CT-P10 up to Core Cycle 4 was similar to that of rituximab. The number of patients who experienced at least 1 treatment emergent adverse event (TEAE) was 43 (72.9%) patients and 41 (66.1%) patients in CT-P10 and rituximab treatment groups, respectively. The proportion of patients who experienced at least 1 treatment emergent serious adverse event considered by the investigator to be related to the study treatment was similar between the 2 treatment groups; 2/59 (3.4%) patients and 2/62 (3.2%) patients in the CT-P10 and rituximab groups, respectively. The frequencies of adverse events special interest (AESI) were similar between the 2 treatment groups (Table 2). Conclusion: This study demonstrated similarity of PK in terms of AUCtau and CmaxSS between CT-P10 and rituximab in AFL patients. The B-cell kinetics and immunogenicity were comparable between the two treatment groups. CT-P10 was well tolerated with a safety profile comparable to that of rituximab up to and including Core Cycle 4 (12 weeks). Table 1 Statistical Analysis of Rituximab Pharmacokinetic Primary Endpoints for Core Cycle 4 at Steady State: Pharmacokinetic Population Table 1. Statistical Analysis of Rituximab Pharmacokinetic Primary Endpoints for Core Cycle 4 at Steady State: Pharmacokinetic Population Figure 1 Mean (±SD) Serum Concentration of Rituximab Versus Time for Cycle 4 at Steady State (Linear Scale): Pharmacokinetic Population Figure 1. Mean (±SD) Serum Concentration of Rituximab Versus Time for Cycle 4 at Steady State (Linear Scale): Pharmacokinetic Population Table 2 The Incidence Rates of Adverse Events Special Interest: Safety Population Table 2. The Incidence Rates of Adverse Events Special Interest: Safety Population Disclosures Coiffier: Celltrion, Inc.: Consultancy, Honoraria. Sancho:Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celltrion, Inc: Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Sanofi: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau. Jurczak:Celltrion, Inc: Research Funding; Gilead Sciences: Research Funding; Acerta: Research Funding; Bayer: Research Funding; Janssen: Research Funding. Kim:Celltrion, Inc.: Research Funding. Nagarkar:Celltrion, Inc.: Research Funding. Zhavrid:Celltrion, Inc.: Research Funding. Hernandez Rivas:Celltrion, Inc.: Research Funding. Prokharau:Celltrion, Inc.: Research Funding. Zodelava:Celltrion, Inc.: Research Funding. Osmanov:Celltrion, Inc.: Research Funding. Ogura:SymBio Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celltrion, Inc.: Consultancy, Honoraria. Buske:Celltrion, Inc.: Consultancy, Honoraria. Kwak:Celltrion, Inc.: Consultancy. Kim:Celltrion, Inc.: Consultancy, Honoraria.

Laboratory Monitoring of Biological Therapies in Rheumatology: The Role of Immunogenicity

“…In a phase 1 trial involving RA patients, 17.6% of the recipients of either had detectable anti-drug antibodies by week 24 after one course of treatment. Anti-drug antibodies were detected in 5.1% of CTP10 www.annlabmed.org https://doi.org/10.3343/alm.2020.40.2.101 and 3.2% of rituximab RP recipients over a period of 12 weeks [60,61]. In another study of RA patients [62], binding anti-drug antibodies developed in 16.5% of patients receiving GP2013, another biosimilar of rituximab, and in 15.1% of rituximab RP recipients [62], but 7.1% and 9.6%, respectively, of the cases were transient.…”

Bayesian design of biosimilars clinical programs involving multiple therapeutic indications

“…In particular, qualitatively different endpoints may be used for different indications. For example, both binary and continuous endpoints have been used in RA biosimilars trials (Yoo et al, 2017) whereas FL trials have used a binary objective response endpoint (Coiffier et al, 2016;Kim et al, 2017), which is common in oncology trials. For our approach, information borrowing is achieved using an informative multivariate normal prior, which we refer to as a correlated parameter prior (CPP), that induces prior correlation between the treatment effects for the different indications.…”