Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of two omeprazole formulations on stomach<scp>pH</scp>and gastric ulcer scores

Raidal, Sharanne; Andrews, Frank M.; Nielsen, Sharon; Trope, Gareth

doi:10.1111/evj.12691

Cited by 18 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Endoscopic evaluation of the gastric mucosa was performed using a 3‐m endoscope (9 mm outer diameter, Olympus Medical Systems Corporation, Tokyo, Japan), as previously described, after insufflation of the stomach with air to permit complete visualization of the glandular and squamous gastric mucosa. Each horse's stomach was assessed using a validated equine scoring system with separate scores for the greater curvature, lesser curvature and fundus summed to give a squamous score, and separate scores similarly summed for fundic and pyloric glandular mucosa, as previously described . Gastroscopy examinations were video recorded and stored using a unique, randomly generated, 4‐digit identification number.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gastric fluid was aspirated via the endoscope at the completion of mucosal scoring. Indwelling NGT were then placed by grasping a small piece of tape at the distal end of the NGT using endoscopic biopsy forceps and passing the 3‐m endoscope and NGT into the stomach, as previously described . GF (1‐10 mL) was aspirated every 2 hours via the NGT.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each horse's stomach was assessed using a validated equine scoring system 26 with separate scores for the greater curvature, lesser curvature and fundus summed to give a squamous score, and separate scores similarly summed for fundic and pyloric glandular mucosa, as previously described. 25 Gastroscopy examinations were video recorded and stored using a unique, randomly generated, 4-digit identification number. Gastroscopy findings were scored in real Table 2).…”

Section: Gastroscopy and Gf Ph Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indwelling NGT were then placed by grasping a small piece of tape at the distal end of the NGT using endoscopic biopsy forceps and passing the 3-m endoscope and NGT into the stomach, as previously described. 25 GF (1-10 mL) was aspirated every 2 hours via the NGT. Fluid was placed immediately into 50-mL polypropylene containers, and pH was determined within 15 minutes of…”

Section: Gastroscopy and Gf Ph Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of transportation on gastric pH and gastric ulceration in mares

Padalino

Davis

Raidal

2020

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background Transportation has been suggested as a risk factor for gastric ulceration in horses, but limited evidence supports this assumption. Animals Twenty‐six Standardbred, Thoroughbred, and Warmblood mares from a university teaching herd. Methods Twelve mares were confined for 12 hours, overnight, in reproductive stocks with indwelling nasogastric tubes (NGTs) to assess pH of gastric fluid (GF). Gastric ulceration was assessed endoscopically before and after confinement. Subsequently, 26 horses were transported for 12 hours, overnight, in 2 consignments. During transportation, GF was aspirated from indwelling NGT placed in the same 12 mares used in the confinement study, and gastric ulceration was assessed endoscopically before and after transportation in all horses. Results The median pH of GF in confined horses was 1.70‐2.49 at each sampling point, and there was no apparent effect on gastric squamous ulcer scores. The median pH of GF from the same 12 horses at corresponding sampling times during transportation was 6.82‐7.22. Transportation was associated with increased gastric squamous ulcer scores, particularly in horses fasted for gastroscopy and NGT placement immediately before departure. Gastric emptying appeared delayed after transportation in horses fed before departure. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Transportation is associated with increased gastric squamous ulceration and with increased pH of GF. These findings may be a consequence of impaired gastric emptying and reflux of alkaline small intestinal content, with factors such as duodenal bile salts and short‐chain fatty acids mediating mucosal injury.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gastroscopy and Gf Ph Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gastroscopy and Gf Ph Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of transportation on gastric pH and gastric ulceration in mares

Padalino

Davis

Raidal

2020

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…Squamous and glandular gastric ulceration were scored separately as previously described [31]. Briefly, a validated equine scoring system [32] was used in real time and on review of de-identified video-recordings to give separate scores for the squamous mucosa of the greater curvature, lesser curvature and fundus, which were then summed to give a squamous score; separate scores were similarly summed for fundic and pyloric glandular mucosa to give a glandular score.…”

Section: Gastroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Transport Conditions on Behavioural and Physiological Responses of Horses

Padalino

Raidal

2020

Animals

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The regulations for minimal space and direction of travel for land transport in horses vary worldwide and there is currently no definitive guidance to promote equine health and welfare. This study evaluated the effects of bay size and direction of travel (forwards/backwards) in horses by comparing the behavioural, physiological, laboratory and gastroscopy parameters between transported and confined horses. A total of twenty-six mares took part in the study; 12 horses were confined for 12 h, and all mares underwent 12 hours’ transportation, travelling in single (n = 18) or wide bays (n = 8), and forward (n = 10) or rear (n = 16) facing. Behaviour was recorded during confinement/transportation and analysed using a behaviour sampling ethogram. Clinical examination, blood samples and gastroscopy were conducted before and after confinement/transportation. The frequency of behaviours relating to stress and balance increased during transport, and horses transported in a rear-facing position and in a wider bay size showed fewer balance-related behaviours. Balance behaviours, particularly loss of balance, were positively associated with the severity of gastric ulceration after transportation and elevated muscle enzymes, while increased stress behaviours correlated with decreased gastrointestinal sounds. Heart rate and rectal temperature after transportation were positively associated with balance and stress behaviours, and with squamous gastric ulcer scores. Transportation was associated with expected increases in cortisol and muscle enzymes, but positioning and space allowance had minimal effects on these analytes. Findings suggest that transportation in a rear-facing position and in wider bays might reduce the impact of transport on horse health and welfare, and monitoring behaviour in transit and physiological measurements after transportation should be recommended. Behavioural and physiological parameters were more sensitive than haematological, biochemical or endocrine analytes to identify horses suffering from transport stress.

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Potential stem cell—Conditioned medium and their derived exosomes versus omeprazole in treatment of experimental model of gastric ulcer

Ibrahim

Allam

2022

Acta Histochemica

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Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of two omeprazole formulations on stomachpHand gastric ulcer scores

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Effects of transportation on gastric pH and gastric ulceration in mares

Effects of transportation on gastric pH and gastric ulceration in mares

Effects of Transport Conditions on Behavioural and Physiological Responses of Horses

Potential stem cell—Conditioned medium and their derived exosomes versus omeprazole in treatment of experimental model of gastric ulcer

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