Pharmacognostical and Physicochemical Studies of Enhalus acoroides (L.F.) Royle (Rhizome)

Abstract

Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle is a seagrass, in a monotypic genus of marine flowering plants belonging to the family of Hydrocharitaceae. E. acoroides is wide spread in the Indian to Pacific Oceans. 1 There are approximately 50 species of seagrasses in 12 genera around the world and E. acoroides is common in the major seagrass areas of Southeast Asia. 2 In Thailand, it is one of twelve seagrass species are found in 19 provinces. 3 It occurs in brackish water canals down to the lower intertidal and subtidal zones on mud, muddy sand and sandy coral substrates. In the gulf of Thailand, it grows on coarse substrate ranging from medium and coarse sand to coral rubble at a depth of 0.5-1.0 m. 4 Many studies have shown the benefits of E. acoroides. It has long been recognized as critical coastal nursery habitat for estuarine fisheries and wildlife. It functions as direct food sources for fish, waterfowl, dugongs, manatees and sea turtles. It also participants in nutrient cycling processes and acts as a stabilizing agent in coastal sedimentation and erosion processes. 5-7 The seeds of E. acoroides have been traditionally eaten in the Philippines. The raw seeds are described as crunchy and sweet while boiled seeds contained more starch and taste like cooked sweet potato. 8 In folk medicine, it has been used for a variety of remedial purposes, e.g. for the treatment of fever and skin diseases, muscle pains, wounds, stomach problems, a remedy against stings of different kinds of rays and tranquillizers for babies.

The Marine Seagrass Halophila stipulacea as a Source of Bioactive Metabolites against Obesity and Biofouling

“…In accordance, apiginin was identified in all extracts, but the highest cytotoxicity was noted in EL for SH-SY5Y cells, which clearly had the strongest peak intensity of apigenin (EL 100%, ES 17%, HL 8%, HS 4%, ML 16%, MS 31%). Previous studies have shown the detection of these flavonoids such as luteolin and apigenin in the Hydrocharitaceae family [12,13]. The polyphenol matairesinol was exclusively detected in HL and HS extracts, which was described to exhibit significant antiproliferative activity against CCRF-CEM cells with an IC 50 of 4.27 µM (1.5 µg/mL) [14].…”

Antioxidant, antimicrobial and analgesic activities of the invasive seagrass Halophila stipulacea leaf and stem extracts

“…Hydroxybenzoic, caffeic, vanillic, coumaric, cerulic, and protocatechic acids are themost common phenolic acids reported in marine plants (Zidorn 2016). Previous studies have shown the detection of flavonoids such as luteolin and apigenin in the Hydrocharitaceaefamily (Bitam et al 2010;Klangprapun et al 2018).…”

Antibacterial Test of Enhalus Acoroides Seagrass Against Bacteria Salmonella Typhi

“…The active compounds contained in seagrass are flavonoids and steroids (Vincenti et al, 2018). The type of seagrass Enhalus acoroides found bioactive compounds as antibacterial, such as flavonoids, phenols, tannins, steroids and saponins (Klangprapun et al, 2018). Enhalus acoroides is the most common seagrass species found in reef flat areas and occurs in protected areas mangroves and form a dense and extensive grassland with a canopy closed areas provide important habitat for other species (Waycott, 2004).…”