Pharmacognostic Studies of the Stem Bark of Enantia chlorantha Oliver (Annonaceae)

Ohemu, TL; Agunu, A; Dafam, D.G.; Olotu, PN

doi:10.4314/njnpm.v19i0.14

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Their observations on powdered bark revealed the presence of brachy-sclereids, cork cells, bundles of phloem fibers, polygon-shaped parenchyma cells and numerous prismshaped calcium oxalate crystals. The results of the present study are in part, similar to those of Ohemu et al 40 in terms of presence of sclereids in the bark of E. chlorantha. However, only macro-sclereids were those observed, and no crystals were found.…”

Section: The Diagnostic Value Of Bark Anatomy In the Species Studiedsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Ohemu et al 40 conducted organoleptic, macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of stem bark of E. chlorantha. Their observations on powdered bark revealed the presence of brachy-sclereids, cork cells, bundles of phloem fibers, polygon-shaped parenchyma cells and numerous prismshaped calcium oxalate crystals.…”

Section: The Diagnostic Value Of Bark Anatomy In the Species Studiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aspects of pharmacognostic evaluation of the herbs for a traditional antimalarial (maloff-hb) powdered formulation in ogbomoso, Nigeria

Ogunkunle¹,

Ideh

Olaniran³

et al. 2021

JPBS

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Maloff-HB is a documented traditional oral powdered herbal drug in Ogbomoso, Nigeria whose botanical constituents, ascorbic acid and mineral elements composition have been quantified but there is inadequate information on the pharmacognostic properties of the nine herbal materials for its formulation. This study therefore sought to elucidate the bark and wood anatomy of eight of the nine herbs used in the formulation, and identify the diagnostic markers for their authentication. The conventional anatomical techniques of transverse sectioning (TS) and tissue maceration (TIM) were used to draw out 21 characteristics from the root barks of the eight woody species studied. In addition, 41 features of the wood in the roots of three of the species were drawn using TS, transverse longitudinal sectioning (TLS), radial longitudinal sectioning (RLS) and TIM. Following staining, mounting and microscopic examinations, the observed qualitative and quantitative features were taxonomically described in accordance with the provisions of International Association of Wood Anatomists, and their diagnostic values among the medicinal herbs were explored. Bark anatomical markers that are clearly diagnostic of the species studied included features of the secondary cortex, phloem rays, axial parenchyma, sclereids and resin ducts. In the wood, these included features of the vessels in the TS and variable ray characteristics in the TLS. The two artificial keys obtained from discontinuities in qualitative and quantitative features observed in the barks and the woods are useful tools for reliable identification of the herbal materials studied.

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Section: The Diagnostic Value Of Bark Anatomy In the Species Studiedsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: The Diagnostic Value Of Bark Anatomy In the Species Studiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of pharmacognostic evaluation of the herbs for a traditional antimalarial (maloff-hb) powdered formulation in ogbomoso, Nigeria

Ogunkunle¹,

Ideh

Olaniran³

et al. 2021

JPBS

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“…The roots decoction is utilized traditionally to treat bilharzia, bleeding, gonorrhoea, syphilis, rheumatism, kidney diseases, ophthalmia, stomach-aches, acne, tapeworms, urethral problems, and oedema (Ngaffo et al, 2020). The root decoction is also used in Nigeria to treat hepatitis (Ohemu et al, 2014). The powdered bark is used against fever in paediatric patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological study on methanol root bark extract ofAcacia sieberiana(Fabaceae) in Wistar rats

Watafua

Ejiofor

Musa

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: The plant Acacia sieberiana belongs to the family Fabaceae. It has been used in ethnomedical practice to manage bleeding, rheumatism, pain, pyrexia, kidney diseases, gastrointestinal problems, parasitic and infectious diseases, hepatitis, cough, epilepsy, mouth ulcer and many more. Phytochemical compounds such as ellagic acid, quercetin, isoferulic acid, gallic acid, kaempferol, luteolin, apigenin, glucoside dihydroacacipetalin, acacipetalin and many others were isolated from Acacia sieberiana. Previous pharmacological investigations have reported that the plant has anticancer, antimicrobial, antidiarrhoeal and antitrypanosomal effects. Despite the therapeutic properties of this plant, no safety information is available in the literature. Hence, this work intends to investigate the sub-acute toxicity effects of Acacia sieberiana root bark extract (ASE). The phytochemical and oral median lethal dose (LD50) evaluations on the ASE were done in line with the standard protocols. The sub-acute toxic effects of the ASE (250, 750, and 1,500 mg/kg) were investigated following administration of the ASE daily for 28-consecutive days based on the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 407 protocols in rats. The weekly body weights were monitored and the rats were euthanized on the 29th day. The blood samples from the animals were obtained for biochemical and haematological determinations. The liver, kidney, lung and heart were removed for histological investigations.

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“…The root decoction of Acacia sieberiana is utilized in Nigeria to treat hepatic diseases (Ohemu et al, 2014). The bark and stem of the Acacia sieberiana are also used to manage jaundice (Dawurung et al, 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

Acacia sieberiana (Fabaceae) Attenuates Paracetamol and Bile Duct Ligation-Induced Hepatotoxicity via Modulation of Biochemical and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers

Watafua

Ejiofor

Musa

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background The plant Acacia sieberiana (Fabaceae) is traditionally used to manage hepatitis. This research work aims to investigate the hepatoprotective effectiveness of root bark extract of Acacia sieberiana (ASE) against paracetamol (PCM) and bile duct ligation (BDL) induced hepatotoxicity. The phytochemical and median lethal dose (LD50) investigations were conducted. The rats were pretreated with the ASE (250, 750, 1,500 mg/kg) once daily via oral route for 7 consecutive days. On the 8th day, liver injury was initiated by PCM administration (2g/kg). Similarly, in the BDL induced liver injury, the animals were administered ASE (125, 250 and 380 mg/kg) intraperitoneally for 7 consecutive days. After 24 hours, blood samples and hepatic tissues were obtained for biochemical and histopathological investigations. Results Phytocomponents determination revealed glycosides, triterpenes, glycosides, saponins, tannins, flavonoids and alkaloids. The oral and intraperitoneal LD50 values of the ASE were >5,000 and 1,300 mg/kg, respectively. The ASE efficiently (p<0.05) decreased the alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels and elevated the albumin and total protein (TP) levels. The direct bilirubin effectively (p<0.05) decreased at 750 mg/kg. Besides, the extract efficiently elevated the glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in relation to the PCM hepatotoxic group. Also, the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was reduced by the ASE. Meanwhile, in the BDL induced liver injury, the ASE remarkably (p<0.05) declined the AST, ALP, bilirubin and MDA. Besides, there was effective (p<0.05) elevation in SOD, GPx and CAT in the ASE treated groups. The morphology of liver tissue was preserved at 125 and 250 mg/kg ASE groups from BDL-induced necrosis and vascular congestion. Conclusion The study shows that the ASE has hepatoprotective actions against liver damage by possible modulation of biochemical and oxidative stress biomarkers

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Pharmacognostic Studies of the Stem Bark of Enantia chlorantha Oliver (Annonaceae)

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Aspects of pharmacognostic evaluation of the herbs for a traditional antimalarial (maloff-hb) powdered formulation in ogbomoso, Nigeria

Aspects of pharmacognostic evaluation of the herbs for a traditional antimalarial (maloff-hb) powdered formulation in ogbomoso, Nigeria

Toxicological study on methanol root bark extract ofAcacia sieberiana(Fabaceae) in Wistar rats

Acacia sieberiana (Fabaceae) Attenuates Paracetamol and Bile Duct Ligation-Induced Hepatotoxicity via Modulation of Biochemical and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers

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