Pharmacognostic Characterization of Cola millenii K. Schum. (Malvaceae)

Johnny, Imoh I.; Umoh, Uwemedimo F.; Umoh, Romanus A.; Alozie, Mfon F.; Udobre, Aniefiok; Igboasoiyi, Arnold C.; Bassey, M. E.; Andy, Nsima A.; Udo, I. J.; Umoh, Omodot Timothy

doi:10.9734/ajob/2022/v14i130202

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…3. Of the 64 compounds identified in the leaf extract, the most prevailing compounds were: In the study by Johnny et al [9], the presence of 9, 12, 15-octadecatrienoic acid (10.05 %), hexadecanoic acid (6.58 %), n-hexadecanoic acid (1.71%) for the leaf of Cola millenii while the stem had n-hexadecaoic acid (0.81 %) and 9,12octadecadienoic acid (0.35%). C. pachycarpa and C. millenii both belong to the same genus Cola and with the common name "Monkey Kola" also possess these phytochemicals as well.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Profile of Cola pachycarpa K. Schum. (Malvaceae) Leaf and Stem Ethanol Extracts

Johnny,

Ubengama,

Umoh

et al. 2023

JOCAMR

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Background and Aim: Cola pachycarpa K. Schum. is a lesser-known member of the genus Cola called “Monkey kola” in the family Malvaceae. The leaf and fruit is used in the treatment and management of cancer in folklore medicine. The present study is carried out to explore the phytoconstituents present in the ethanolic extract of the leaf and stem of Cola pachycarpa by GC-MS analysis. Methods: Leaf and stem were collected, identified, sliced, air-dried, pulverized, extracted with ethanol and concentrated using standard methods. The ethanolic extract of the extracts was used for the GC-MS analysis. QP2010SE Shimazu, Japan System GC-MS was used for the analysis. The compounds were identified by the gas chromatography coupled with the mass spectrometry. The molecular weight and structure of the compounds of test materials are ascertained by interpretation of the mass spectrum of GC-MS using the database of National Institute Standard and Technology (NIST). Results: GC-MS analysis of the leaf and stem ethanol extracts of C. pachycarpa revealed the presence of 64 and 47 chemical constituents respectively which includes 1-propanol, 2-amino-2-methyl (31.34%), undecanal, 2-methyl (4.00%), phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy (4.18%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (3.35%) and vitamin E (5.15%) and the most abundant in the stem extract were: 1,4-Benzodioxin-6-sulfonamide,N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl- (30.10%), .alpha.D-Galactopyranoside, methyl (12.56%), Phenethylamine,.alpha.-ethyl- (10.96%), 4-Methylpiperazine-2-carboxylic acid (5.78%) and Guanosine (3.86%). Conclusion: The presence of various bioactive compounds may be responsible for the application of Cola pachycarpa in the treatment and management of various ailments in folklore medicine. However, in vitro and in vitro studies, isolation of individual phytoconstituents and their mechanism of action may proceed to find a novel drug or lead compound for use as medicine.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Profile of Cola pachycarpa K. Schum. (Malvaceae) Leaf and Stem Ethanol Extracts

Johnny,

Ubengama,

Umoh

et al. 2023

JOCAMR

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“…Flow properties of a particle may be affected by the paricle size, moisture content, particle shape, time of storage, etc. the angle of repose, Hausner's ratio and Carr's index are parameters used in the characterisation of flow properties of particles [9]. An angle of repose is a measure of powder flow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Photomicrographs were taken from good preparations using the Olympus CX21 binocular microscope fitted with an MD500 amscope microscope eyepiece camera. Measurements were done at ×10 while ×40 for photomicrographs [8,9].…”

Section: Qualitative Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacognostic Evaluation of the Leaves of Thurnbegia laevis Nees (Acanthaceae)

Umoh,

Johnny,

Andy

et al. 2023

AJBGMB

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Thurnbegia laevis Nees. belong to the Acanthaceae family. It is used in folklore medicine for the management of diabetes, piles, joint pains as well as skin related problems. This study aims to evaluate the leaves of the plant by employing the quality control parameters. The leaves of T. laevis were collected, identified, air-dried, pulverized and stored in glass bottles. Standard procedures were used to carry out microscopy on the fresh leaves, micromeritics, chemomicroscopy, fluorescence analysis, soluble-extractive values, moisture contents and ash values using powdered samples of the leaf. Methanol extract of the leaf was used to conduct GC-MS analysis. The result showed that the leaf was amphistomatic with diacytic stomata on both surfaces. The micromeritic studies showed that the leaf had an angle of repose of 37.47ᵒ, Carr’s Index of 23.01% and Hausner’s ratio of 1.3. Water-soluble, ethanol-soluble and methanol-soluble extractive values were 21%w/w, 10%w/w and 11%w/w, respectively. Fluorescence analysis of the leaf showed different colours indicating the presence of different phytochemicals. The moisture content, total ash, acid-insoluble and water-soluble ash values were 5.31%w/w, 15.18%w/w, 2.7%w/w and 5.6%w/w, respectively. Chemomicroscopy of the leaf powder showed the presence of mucilage, lignin, starch, cellulose and protein while, oil and calcium oxalate crystals were absent. The GC-MS analysis showed the presence of thirty-five (35) phytochemicals with compounds like n-Hexadecanoic acid, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, Vitamin E, Stigmasterol, Supraene and, Benzoic acid. These compounds have antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antiserum, antifungal, hypoglycaemic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and larvicidal activities. The results stated could be used to establish standards for the authentication of the fresh and powdered drug leaf products of Thunbergia laevis.

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“…"The physicochemical parameters such as moisture content, ash values (total ash, acidinsoluble ash, water-soluble ash), soluble extractive values such as ethanol, methanol and water-soluble extractive values were performed according to the official method prescribed by the WHO guidelines on quality control methods for medicinal plant materials" [9,13].…”

Section: Physico-chemical Evaluation Of Leaf Powdersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Various Taxonomic, Pharmacognostic and Phytochemical Properties of Sanchezia speciosa Leonard Acanthaceae

Umoh,

Johnny,

Idio

et al. 2024

AJBGMB

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Sanchezia speciosa Leonard, Acanthaceae is used as ornamental plant. It used in folklore medicine in the management of pain, anti-microbial and insecticide. An investigation was carried out to evaluate the various taxonomic, pharmacognostic and phytochemical standards to ensure the identity, purity, safety and efficacy of the medicinal plant, S. speciosa. Various observations were recorded which included microscopy, micromeritics, fluorescence, chemomicroscopy, soluble extractive values, moisture contents and phytochemical analysis. The results indicated that the epidermal shapes were both polygonal on the adaxial and abaxial surfaces. Stomatal distribution was amphistomatic with anisocytic and diacytic stomata on the adaxial and abaxial surface, respectively. Stomatal index was 21.47% on the adaxial surface and 15.43% on the abaxial surface. Micromeritics results for the leaf powder were bulk volume of 25.33± 0.408, tapped volume of 19.00± 0.00, bulk density of 0.40± 0.006, tapped density of 0.53± 0.021, Hausner’s ratio of 1.34± 0.037, Carr’s index of 25.00± 2.550 and angle of repose of 43.07°. The micromeritics indicated a passable flow. The chemo microscopy indicated presence of lignin, mucilage and starch. Fluorescence properties showed different colours under different ultraviolet lights. The water-soluble, methanol-soluble, ethanol-soluble extractive values were 14.7% w/w, 4.3% w/w and 5.0% w/w, respectively. Moisture content was 8.5% w/w. Total ash, acid-insoluble and water-soluble ash values were 20.0 % w/w, 2.0% w/w and 4.2% w/w, respectively. GC-MS of methanol extract revealed the total of 39 phytochemicals with over 5 prominent peaks having higher area% which include hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (2.64%), 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid methyl ester (4.77%), phytol (9.98%), 9,12,15 octadecatrienoic acid (12.97%), Stigmasterol (2.00%) and Squalene (28.16%). Other compounds are glycerin (5.83%), n-hexadecanoic acid (2.85%) and 9 octadecenamide (2.18%). Many of them possess good pharmacological properties. The data generated from the present study would help to authenticate S. speciosa and also affirm its folklore use in traditional medicine which has potential for further development into drug product.

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Pharmacognostic Characterization of Cola millenii K. Schum. (Malvaceae)

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Phytochemical Profile of Cola pachycarpa K. Schum. (Malvaceae) Leaf and Stem Ethanol Extracts

Phytochemical Profile of Cola pachycarpa K. Schum. (Malvaceae) Leaf and Stem Ethanol Extracts

Pharmacognostic Evaluation of the Leaves of Thurnbegia laevis Nees (Acanthaceae)

Studies on Various Taxonomic, Pharmacognostic and Phytochemical Properties of Sanchezia speciosa Leonard Acanthaceae

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