Pharmacogenomics of intrinsic and acquired pharmacoresistance in colorectal cancer: Toward targeted personalized therapy

Mattia, Elena De; Cecchin, Erika; Toffoli, Giuseppe

doi:10.1016/j.drup.2015.05.003

Cited by 77 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 275 publications

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“…To overcome tumour chemoresistance, a number of reversing agents have been developed and many of them are under clinical trial. These reversing agents often target key drug metabolizing enzymes or drug transporters, drug targets or key signalling transduction molecules, or apoptosis . Some highly selective and potent inhibitors or small‐interfering RNAs have shown great potential in enhancing the chemosenstivity especially when combined with cytotoxic drugs.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular mechanisms for tumour resistance to chemotherapy

Pan

et al. 2016

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

321

218

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Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular mechanisms for tumour resistance to chemotherapy

Pan

et al. 2016

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

321

218

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“…miR-495 enhances tumor sensitivity to chemotherapy. The occurrence of drug resistance results from multiple processes, such as drug transport and metabolism, DNA synthesis and repair, and cell proliferation and apoptosis (39,40). miRNAs serve a role in increasing chemosensitivity.…”

Section: Role Of Mir-495 In Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression, regulation and function of miR-495 in healthy and tumor tissues

Chen

Bai

2017

Oncology Letters

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MicroRNA-495 (miR-495) is a small non-coding RNA encoded by a gene located on chromosome 14 (14q32.31). Its expression is regulated by the transcription factors EF12 and EF47, in addition to promoter methylation status and the fusion oncoprotein mixed-lineage leukemia-AF9. Previous studies suggest that miR-495 is involved in various developmental, immunological and inflammatory processes in healthy tissue, and in the proliferation, invasion, metastasis and drug resistance of cancer cells. The role miR-495 serves in tumors is controversial. miR-495 primarily functions as a tumor suppressor; however, in a number of cases it acts as an oncogene. miR-495 has potential applications as a diagnostic and prognostic marker, and as a therapeutic target for genetic and pharmacological manipulation in the treatment of various diseases.

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“…However, patients frequently develop resistance and ultimately experience disease progression, highlighting a demand for more therapeutic strategies after failure of standard chemotherapy [4, 5]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and efficacy of fruquintinib in patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer: a phase Ib study and a randomized double-blind phase II study

Bai

et al. 2017

J Hematol Oncol

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BackgroundTo assess the efficacy and safety of fruquintinib, a vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitor, in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients.MethodsA phase Ib open-label study and phase II randomized, placebo-controlled trial compared the efficacy of fruquintinib plus best supportive care (BSC) with placebo plus BSC in mCRC patients with ≥2 lines of prior therapies. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS).ResultsIn the phase Ib study, 42 patients took fruquintinib 5 mg for 3 weeks on/1 week off. The median PFS was 5.80 months, and the median overall survival (OS) was 8.88 months. In the phase II study, 71 patients were randomized (47 to fruquintinib, 24 to placebo). PFS was significantly improved with fruquintinib plus BSC (4.73 months; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.86–5.59) versus placebo plus BSC (0.99 months; 95% CI 0.95–1.58); (hazard ratio [HR] 0.30; 95% CI 0.15–0.59; P < 0.001). The median OS was 7.72 versus 5.52 months (HR 0.71; 95% CI 0.38–1.34). The most common grade 3–4 adverse events were hypertension and hand-foot skin reaction.ConclusionsFruquintinib showed a significant PFS benefit of 3.7 months in patients with treatment-refractory mCRC. The safety profile was consistent with that of VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. A randomized phase III confirmatory study in mCRC is underway.Trial registration NCT01975077 and NCT02196688 Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-016-0384-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Pharmacogenomics of intrinsic and acquired pharmacoresistance in colorectal cancer: Toward targeted personalized therapy

Cited by 77 publications

References 275 publications

Molecular mechanisms for tumour resistance to chemotherapy

Molecular mechanisms for tumour resistance to chemotherapy

Expression, regulation and function of miR-495 in healthy and tumor tissues

Safety and efficacy of fruquintinib in patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer: a phase Ib study and a randomized double-blind phase II study

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