Pharmacogenetics: An Important Part of Drug Development with A Focus on Its Application

Oates, J T; Lopez, Daisy D. Colon

doi:10.31531/2581-4745.1000111

Cited by 35 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 117 publications

(224 reference statements)

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“…The role of pharmacogenomics is to use genetic resources to enhance drug therapy with maximum efficacy and minimal adverse effects. The Pharmacogenomics Research Network (PGRN) consists of projects focusing on isolating genomic variants that enhance therapeutics and limit adverse drug reactions, leading to personalized medicine [ 64 ]. According to the 2016 Personalized Medicine Coalition (PMC), 20% of the novel compounds approved by the FDA are considered personalized medicines [ 64 ].…”

Section: Role Of Pharmacogenomics In the Development Of Novel Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Pharmacogenomics Research Network (PGRN) consists of projects focusing on isolating genomic variants that enhance therapeutics and limit adverse drug reactions, leading to personalized medicine [ 64 ]. According to the 2016 Personalized Medicine Coalition (PMC), 20% of the novel compounds approved by the FDA are considered personalized medicines [ 64 ]. Pharmaceutical companies are willing to invest more resources in research on genetic biomarkers that can limit fatal side effects with novel compounds, avoiding legal and financial consequences.…”

Section: Role Of Pharmacogenomics In the Development Of Novel Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genetic sequencing can help researchers identify novel and effective targets and quickly introduce new compounds in the market for effective treatment. It also helps the researcher accurately interpret novel compound pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics [ 64 ]. In-depth knowledge of the human genome and its implication pharmacogenomics in drug development can substantially decrease the duration and cost of clinical trials by selecting the most responsive patients and enhancing the reliability of the drug development process.…”

Section: Role Of Pharmacogenomics In the Development Of Novel Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Psychopharmacology: From Bench to Bedside Novel Trends in Schizophrenia

Shah

Iqbal

2023

JPM

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Research in the field of psychopharmacology is ongoing to develop novel compounds which can revolutionize the treatment of psychiatric disorders. The concept of bench-to-bedside is a tedious process, transforming the initial research performed in the laboratories into novel treatment options. Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a chronic psychiatric illness with significant morbidity and mortality. SCZ not only presents with psychotic symptoms including hallucinations and delusions but also with negative and cognitive symptoms. The negative symptoms include the diminished ability to express emotions, loss of pleasure, and motivation with minimal social interactions. Conventional antipsychotics primarily target positive symptoms with minimal therapeutic benefits for negative and cognitive symptoms along with metabolic side effects. Researchers have explored novel targets to develop new compounds to overcome the above limitations. The glutamatergic system has provided new hope in treating schizophrenia by targeting negative and cognitive symptoms. Other receptor modulators, including serotonergic, phosphodiesterase, trans-amine-associated receptors, etc., are novel targets for developing new compounds. Future research is required in this field to explore novel compounds and establish their efficacy and safety for the treatment of schizophrenia. Last but not least, pharmacogenomics has effectively utilized genetic information to develop novel compounds by minimizing the risk of failure of the clinical trials and enhancing efficacy and safety.

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Section: Role Of Pharmacogenomics In the Development Of Novel Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of Pharmacogenomics In the Development Of Novel Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of Pharmacogenomics In the Development Of Novel Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Recent Advances in Psychopharmacology: From Bench to Bedside Novel Trends in Schizophrenia

Shah

Iqbal

2023

JPM

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“…Drug distribution, tremendously affected by variation in pharmacogenes in dogs and cats, influences, in turn, the efficacy and safety of drugs (Oates & Lopez, 2018) particularly, the occurrence of life‐threatening neurotoxicity with standard doses of some medications depends on whether a dog or cat has the ABCB1 mutation. P‐gp is essential for maintaining the blood–brain barrier, especially when it comes to preventing medicines from reaching delicate brain areas (O'Brien et al., 2012).…”

Section: Integration Of Pharmacogenetics With Pharmacokinetics and Ph...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics in veterinary clinical practice: A review

Vaidhya,

Ghildiyal,

Rajawat

et al. 2023

Animal Genetics

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The recent advances in high‐throughput next‐generation sequencing technologies have heralded the arrival of the Big Data era. As a result, the use of pharmacogenetics in drug discovery and individualized drug therapy has transformed the field of precision medicine. This paradigm shift in drug development programs has effectively reshaped the old drug development practices, which were primarily concerned with the physiological status of patients for drug development. Pharmacogenomics bridges the gap between pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, advancing current diagnostic and treatment strategies and enabling personalized and targeted drug therapy. The primary goals of pharmacogenetic studies are to improve drug efficacy and minimize toxicities, to identify novel drug targets, to estimate drug dosage for personalized medicine, and to incorporate it as a routine diagnostic for disease susceptibility. Although pharmacogenetics has numerous applications in individualized drug therapy and drug development, it is in its infancy in veterinary medicine. The objective of this review is to present an overview of historical landmarks, current developments in various animal species, challenges and future perspectives of genomics in drug development and dosage optimization for individualized medicine in veterinary subjects.

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“…For instance, the Pharmacogenomics Knowledge base PharmGKB (https://www.pharmgkb.org) has collected and curated information for more than 740 drugs and, to date, contains 189 clinical guidelines and 868 drug label annotations approved by various pharmaceutical regulatory organizations such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or the European Medicines Agency (EMA). Nevertheless, although many patients would bene t from pharmacogenetics-based prescription policy [3], only limited applications are observed in clinical practice, especially in primary care [4][5][6][7]. Indeed, genetic testing is in most cases performed retrospectively when adverse side effects arise or when a drug lacks e cacy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating rare genetic variants into DPYD pharmacogenetic testing may help preventing fluoropyrimidine-induced toxicity

Fellah¹,

Hennart²,

Sabaouni³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Variability in genes involved in drug pharmacokinetics or drug response can be responsible for suboptimal treatment efficacy or predispose to adverse drug reactions. In addition to common genetic variations, large-scale sequencing studies have uncovered multiple rare genetic variants predicted to cause functional alterations in genes encoding proteins implicated in drug metabolism, transport, and response. To understand the functional importance of rare genetic variants in DPYD, a pharmacogene whose alterations can cause severe toxicity in patients exposed to fluoropyrimidine-based regimens, massively parallel sequencing of the exonic regions and flanking splice junctions of the DPYD gene was performed in a series of nearly 3 000 patients categorized according to pre-emptive DPD enzyme activity using the [UH2]/[U] plasma ratio as a surrogate marker of DPD activity. Our results underscore the importance of integrating next-generation sequencing-based pharmacogenomic interpretation into clinical decision making to minimize fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy toxicity without altering treatment efficacy.

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Pharmacogenetics: An Important Part of Drug Development with A Focus on Its Application

Cited by 35 publications

References 117 publications

Recent Advances in Psychopharmacology: From Bench to Bedside Novel Trends in Schizophrenia

Recent Advances in Psychopharmacology: From Bench to Bedside Novel Trends in Schizophrenia

Relevance of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics in veterinary clinical practice: A review

Integrating rare genetic variants into DPYD pharmacogenetic testing may help preventing fluoropyrimidine-induced toxicity

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