Pharmacoeconomic studies in Nepal: the need of the hour

Acharya, Mahip

doi:10.3389/fphar.2014.00272

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…A recurrent theme when investigating initiatives adopted to reduce prices and pharmaceutical expenditures is the resistance to generic medicines use. This resistance could be attributed to different reasons, some of which are patient and prescriber attitude and beliefs, financial incentive in selling higher priced innovators and most importantly the lack of regulatory initiatives to promote the use of generics . Evidence supports that incorporating a pro‐generic medicine policy in developing countries can immensely reduce the pharmaceutical expenditure and lessen the economic burden on consumers …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of pharmaceutical pricing policies in developing countries

Rida

Ibrahim

Babar

et al. 2017

J Pharm Health Serv Res

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Objective A systematic review was conducted to summarize government strategies aimed at controlling pharmaceutical prices in developing countries and their effects on relevant outcomes, and to qualitatively analyse eligible studies of pricing policy and their impact on expenditure and medicine prices. Methods Several databases, grey literature and Google Scholar were systematically searched, and reference lists of relevant studies were screened for full‐text studies published in Arabic or English between January 2000 and March 2016. Studies describing government pharmaceutical pricing strategies in developing countries and their effect were considered eligible. Key findings Twenty‐one studies were included in the explorative synthesis: sixteen covered Asian countries, three covered African countries and three from Latin and South America. Identified policies covered disease‐specific and essential medicines with some countries extending it to all medicine classes. Markup regulation (n = 7) was the most commonly used, followed by external reference pricing (n = 6) and cost‐plus (n = 5), promotion of generics use (n = 3), while tax exemptions were the least used policy (n = 2). Six of the twenty‐one studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. Markup regulation was similarly predominant in this latter synthesis. Although the implemented policies showed a measure of success, medicine prices appeared to be influenced by poor legislative framework, lack of pre‐/post‐implementation activities and noncompliance by various stakeholders. Conclusion Various internationally recognized pharmaceutical pricing policies are implemented in developing countries; however, these policies are not optimally adopted. Policymakers should tailor the pharmaceutical pricing policy to the nation taking into consideration macro‐ and microeconomic factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of pharmaceutical pricing policies in developing countries

Rida

Ibrahim

Babar

et al. 2017

J Pharm Health Serv Res

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“…This is now picking up speed in smaller countries of the Indian subcontinent such as Nepal and Bangladesh as well. [5][6][7] A common reality in the healthcare sector of low-income countries is the scarcity of resources. 8 The investment in the healthcare sector is very low and it poses a great challenge to the health care providers to promote health, restricting them to interventions that have been proven to yield the best results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Presently, a small number of countryspecific studies evaluating the cost of health care have been done in countries like India and Bangladesh. [6][7][8] With this background, this study aims to systematically review the published literature in order to identify, evaluate, and characterize the variety, quality, and intent of health economics and outcomes research studies being conducted in SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) nations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation and Characterization of Health Economics and Outcomes Research in SAARC Nations

Mehta

Nerurkar

2018

Ther Innov Regul Sci

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This review identifies various patterns of health economic studies in eight SAARC nations. The quality of economic evaluation studies for health care in India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Nepal, Bhutan, and Maldives needs improvement. There is a need to generate the capacity of researchers to undertake quality economic evaluations as well as an orientation of the policy makers so that there is a demand for such studies as well as a scope for its use in policy making.

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