Pharmacoeconomic Evaluation of Anti-Pneumococcal Vaccination in Risk Groups for the Prevention of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Among Adults in the Astrakhan Region

The aim of the article is the evaluation of the economic damage (ED) because of the absence of pneumococcal vaccination as a leading risk factor for the development of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and acute exacerbations of а chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Materials and methods. The method of attributive statistics was used for the first time to assess the ED of the vaccination absence as an independent risk factor contributing to the development of CAP and COPD exacerbations in the Astrakhan region for the period of 2015–2019. To do this, at the beginning of the study based on the literature data, a relative risk of COPD complications associated with the absence of pneumococcal vaccination was determined. Using it as a risk factor, prevalence rates (a proportion of non-vaccinated patients with COPD), the population attributable risk (PAR) was calculated. Further, the annual economic damage (ED) from the development of CAP and COPD exacerbations was determined. To assess the cost-effectiveness of the COPD complications prevention, vaccination costs of newly registered patients were calculated and the ratio of these costs to the average annual ED was determined.Results. A decrease in the non-vaccinated patients’ proportion corresponds to the decrease in the total ED from COPD complications: from 13.16 million rubles to 6.06 million rubles during the observation period. The calculations showed that due to the increase in the vaccinated patients’ proportion over a five-year observation period, the ED from the CAP development decreased by 2.1 times, from exacerbations of COPD – by 2.3 times. The vaccination costs of newly diagnosed COPD cases amounted to 0.63 million rubles. Thus, to prevent the annual ED of 3.24 million rubles, the sum for the state to spend, should be 5.2 times as small.Conclusion. A study on the evaluation of the ED due to the risk factor (RF), the pneumococcal vaccination absence, showed that its elimination reduces the risk of acute COPD exacerbations and the development of CAP, as well the ED, as associated with them. Reducing the economic costs of the health care system with significantly lower vaccination costs, makes this preventive measure economically viable.

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A Decade of Experience in the use of 13-Valent Conjugated Polysaccharide Pneumococcal Vaccine in Russian Federation

Briko,

Korshunov,

Lobzin

et al. 2023

Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention

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Pneumococcal infection remains a significant global health problem, and vaccination is the main measure for its prevention. To date, the period of use of pneumococcal conjugated polysaccharide vaccines in Russia exceeds 14 years, and 13-valent conjugated polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13) - more than 10 years. During this time, extensive experience has been accumulated in the use of this type of vaccines, and many studies have been carried out to evaluate their effectiveness and safety.The purpose of this review is to summarize the experience of using PCV13 in Russian Federation with an assessment of its epidemiological and clinical effectiveness. A search was made for scientific publications devoted to the study of the epidemiological efficacy, the safety as well as cost-effectiveness of PCV13 use in Russian Federation. The review included original studies published in Russian journals. The results of the studies carried out indicate the efficacy and safety of PCV13 for both adults and children. The effectiveness of immunization of children at risk (premature, suffering from congenital pathology, having chronic diseases and often ill) was demonstrated, the need and safety of the timely start of vaccination (from 2 months of age) of newborns was shown, the possibility of its combination with immunization against other infections within the framework of the national vaccination schedule, the importance of following the recommended vaccination schedule in accordance with the age of the child. The effectiveness of vaccination of adults suffering from chronic diseases has been shown both in terms of preventing the aggravation of the course of the underlying pathology and reducing the risk of pneumonia. Positive experience has been gained in immunizing adults from occupational risk groups - medical workers, conscripts and persons exposed to a harmful production factor and having occupational lung diseases. The conducted studies have shown a high cost-effectiveness of PCV13 vaccination, however, with any changes in price and epidemiological parameters, it is necessary to clarify the economic feasibility of vaccination under the changed conditions. Taking into account the positive experience gained in immunization, it seems appropriate to further maintain a high level of vaccination coverage of the child population, expanding risk groups among the adult population subject to vaccination against pneumococcal infection within the framework of the National Immunization Schedule, taking into account its epidemiological, clinical and economic efficiency.

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Pharmacoeconomic Evaluation of Anti-Pneumococcal Vaccination in Risk Groups for the Prevention of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Among Adults in the Astrakhan Region

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

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Effectiveness Evaluation of Accurate Prevention and Control of Civil Aviation Illegal Interference Behavior Based on Knowledge Graph and GA Algorithm

Economic Damage of Pneumococcal Vaccination Absence as a Risk Factor for Complications of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

A Decade of Experience in the use of 13-Valent Conjugated Polysaccharide Pneumococcal Vaccine in Russian Federation

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