Pharmacist Performance of Physical Assessment: Perspectives of Clinical Pharmacists Working in Different Practice Settings

Chua, Doson; Ladha, Fatima; Pammett, Robert; Turgeon, Ricky D.

doi:10.4212/cjhp.v70i4.1682

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…With good clinical knowledge and examination skills, clinicians can reduce the need to order unnecessary tests, as recommended by Choosing Wisely Canada. 2 We acknowledge the skepticism about pharmacists' examination skills that is expressed by nurses and physicians, as described by Turgeon. From the perspective of our experience as physicians, we would like to share our opinions on how to bring pharmacists' examination skills to a level on par with those of other health care professionals.…”

Section: Correspondence Physical Examinations By Pharmacists: Practismentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Three institutional pharmacy colleagues and I recently published an article in this journal highlighting their success in integrating physical assessment into completely different practice settings after completion of this course. 2 Pharmacists such as these can become local champions, solidifying physical assessment as an expected component of care and "part of the job description" at their sites, and offering guidance and training to colleagues and trainees. Once we establish this network of mentors for physical assessment by pharmacists, we can provide universal, reliable, practical training to learners.…”

Section: [The Author Replies:]mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical Examinations by Pharmacists: Practising the Right Thing Makes Perfect

Turgeon

2017

CJHP

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Section: Correspondence Physical Examinations By Pharmacists: Practismentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: [The Author Replies:]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Examinations by Pharmacists: Practising the Right Thing Makes Perfect

Turgeon

2017

CJHP

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“…These limitations are common among qualitative studies, especially the ones on innovative ideas. Qualitative studies on how pharmacists perform physical examinations and contribute to general practice recruited only 3 and 16 respondents, respectively [ 4 , 26 ]. A hypothesis was generated in the current article that encourages researchers to conduct future research on the culture and struggles of physician–pharmacists.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The semistructured interviews were undertaken with two ex-pharmacists who are now physicians, and follow the methods adapted from two previous studies [ 1 , 4 ]. As an inclusion criterion, each participant must have a past pharmacist license and current physician license.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Perhaps the best people to comment on physician–pharmacist collaboration would be those who completed the undergraduate training and understand the hardship in both professions. The current commentary adapted the self-interview style of a published qualitative study [ 4 ], in which pharmacists shared how they integrated experience into practice, managed challenges, and advised for pharmacists wishing to do the same. The aim of the interview was to explore details about physician–pharmacists’ culture and suggestions on how to improve interprofessional collaboration between the two professions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmacists Becoming Physicians: For Better or Worse?

Yeung

2018

Pharmacy

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Physicians and pharmacists nowadays are often described as adversaries rather than members of the same team. Some pharmacists apply to medical school later in their careers, and experience obstacles during the transition process. This article details interviews with two physician–pharmacists, who each have a past pharmacist license and current physician license. The respondents described the limitations of pharmacists’ scope of practice as their main reasons to pursue a medical career. However, the respondents enjoy applying their pharmacy knowledge and experience to improve their medical practice. They do not feel pharmacy seniors and medical recruiters are supportive towards their chase for medical careers. The respondents noted the importance of peer-reviewed articles to promote pharmacist involvement in patient care and collaboration between physicians and pharmacists. Conflicts between physicians and pharmacists tend to happen because of their different focuses on patient care. The respondents do not see themselves having an edge over other medical school applicants, and noted that recruiters could negatively view their pharmacy experience. The respondents believe that physician–pharmacists are catalysts to foster collaboration between physicians and pharmacists, because they clearly understand the role of each profession. Nevertheless, the respondents feel that physicians and pharmacists are generally lukewarm towards pharmacists transitioning into physicians.

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Physical assessment educational programs for pharmacists and pharmacy students: A systematic review

Barry

Turgeon

Ellis

2020

J Am Coll Clin Pharm

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Introduction The scope of pharmacy practice has evolved to include physical assessment (PA) as part of the management of drug therapy. Objective To describe programs developed to teach pharmacists/pharmacy students PA and identify factors associated with improved knowledge, skill, confidence, and utilization. Methods A librarian‐assisted search was performed of MEDLINE, Embase, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature using the terms “pharmacist,” “student,” and “physical examination,” supplemented with manual reference searches. Studies published exclusively as abstracts were excluded. No language restrictions were applied. Extracted data included design, location, participants, methods of instruction, PA skills taught, assessment, utilization, and follow‐up. Results The search yielded 635 unique citations, which were independently reviewed by two authors. Twenty‐eight articles were reviewed in full and 16 were included. Most studies were conducted in the United States or Canada. Thirteen studies enrolled pharmacy students (mainly second or third year), which focused on comprehensive PA skills or blood pressure measurement. Length of instruction ranged from a single session to a full‐year course. Generally, any type of instruction improved knowledge and confidence with PA. Students preferred pharmacist instructors to other clinicians, and live subjects to simulators/manikins. Three studies evaluated courses for practicing pharmacists, which included comprehensive PA instruction and consisted of 2‐30 contact hours. Participants' confidence with performing PA improved from precourse to postcourse surveys. One study showed improved confidence with performing PA 6 months after the course, while another study showed no improvement in confidence but increased PA use at 6 months postcourse. Utilization of PA after 6 months ranged from 49% to 66%. Conclusions A variety of programs have been developed to teach PA skills to pharmacists/pharmacy students. Limited data suggest that sessions which included pharmacist instructors and live subjects to practice PA skills were preferred. Courses for practicing pharmacists improved confidence with performing PA, but persistent confidence and utilization at 6 months were variable.

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Pharmacist Performance of Physical Assessment: Perspectives of Clinical Pharmacists Working in Different Practice Settings

Abstract: -

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Physical Examinations by Pharmacists: Practising the Right Thing Makes Perfect

Physical Examinations by Pharmacists: Practising the Right Thing Makes Perfect

Pharmacists Becoming Physicians: For Better or Worse?

Physical assessment educational programs for pharmacists and pharmacy students: A systematic review

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