Pharmaceuticals in a Mediterranean Basin: The influence of temporal and hydrological patterns in environmental risk assessment

Palma, Patrícia; Fialho, Sofia; Lima, Ana; Novais, Maria Helena; Costa, María João; Montemurro, Nicola; Pérez, Sandra; Alda, Miren López de

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136205

Cited by 64 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…On the contrary, the corticoid BUD exhibited negative correlation with temperature (r = −0.787, p<0.01). The higher water temperatures in combination with long daylight periods may be important factors for the increment of biodegradation rates and phototransformation mechanisms of some PhACs ( Palma et al, 2020 ). In another aspect, temperature may affect the usage pattern of some PhACs, since some diseases (e.g.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RQs based on the ratio between Measured Environmental Concentration (MEC) and Predicted No-Effect Concentration (PNEC), for three aquatic organisms; fish, invertebrates and algae. Concerning MEC, two different scenarios were applied: (a) the worst case scenario by using the maximum concentration of each PhAC and (b) using the average concentration of each PhAC ( Palma et al, 2020 ), as a less conservative scenario. PNEC has been determined: (i) for acute toxicity, using the lowest values of EC50 or LC50 divided by an assessment factor (AF) of 1000 and (ii) for chronic toxicity, using NOEC divided by an AF of 100, 50 and 10 when one long-term NOEC, two-long term NOECs or three long-term NOECs, from the three aquatic organisms are available, respectively ( European Commission, 2003 ; Kosma et al, 2014 , 2019 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of multiclass pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) in hospital WWTP influent and effluent samples by UHPLC-Orbitrap MS: Temporal variation, removals and environmental risk assessment

Kosma

Kapsi

Konstas

et al. 2020

Environmental Research

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Nowadays the occurrence and associated risks of Pharmaceutical Active Compounds (PhACs) in the aquatic environment comprises a major issue. In the present study, a comprehensive survey on contamination profiles, occurrence, removals, temporal variation and ecological risk of multiclass multiresidue PhACs, such as antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, lipid regulators and phsychiatrics, (including past and newly monitored PhACs as well as some of their metabolites) was performed in wastewaters from the WWTP of Ioannina University hospital along one year period on a monthly sampling basis. WWTP influent and effluent samples were analyzed for physicochemical quality parameters and PhACs concentration levels using Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Orbitrap-Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS), after Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) through Oasis HLB cartridges. Influent concentrations ranged between < LOQ (Limit of Quantification) for diclofenac and tolfenamic acid and 48586 ng/L for caffeine, while effluent concentrations between < LOQ for tolfenamic acid and simvastatin and 3361 ng/L for caffeine. Removal efficiencies ranged between −132.6% for venlafaxine and 100% for caffeine. Environmental risk assessment by means of Risk Quotient (RQ) for maximum and minimum concentration levels as well as optimized by the frequency of exceeding toxicity threshold values, RQ f , was applied revealing that up to 12 PhACs posed acute toxicity (clofibric acid, fenofibrate, sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, amitryptiline, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, norfluoxetine, sertraline, venlafaxine, caffeine) while up to 4 compounds exerted long-term toxicity (sulfamethoxazole, fluoxetine, sertraline, caffeine) at least for one of the studied organisms. Furthermore, mixture RQ MEC/PNEC and RQ STU effect of multiple compounds showed high potential risks of the target groups in some cases, although some contaminants were not included due to lack of available data. Results can be used to prioritization of PhACs and their metabolites for surveillance in receiving water bodies as well as development of knowledge on toxicity and mechanism(s) of action.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of multiclass pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) in hospital WWTP influent and effluent samples by UHPLC-Orbitrap MS: Temporal variation, removals and environmental risk assessment

Kosma

Kapsi

Konstas

et al. 2020

Environmental Research

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“…Phenobarbital has been found in urban wastewater effluents at 0.09–0.21 μg L −1 , and at concentrations of ≤0.05 μg L −1 in downstream surface waters [ 35 ]. On the other hand, acetaminophen is also frequently found in natural and drinking water worldwide, reaching concentrations of over 500 ng L −1 in river waters [ 2 , 3 , 5 , 6 ]. In our previous study, acetaminophen was not efficiently adsorbed by TpBD-(CF 3 ) 2 , which we attributed to its higher hydrophilicity (log D 6.0 = 0.34) as compared to ibuprofen (log D 6.0 = 2.12) [ 26 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phenobarbital has been found in urban wastewater effluents at 0.09-0.21 µg L −1 , and at concentrations of ≤0.05 μg L −1 in downstream surface waters [35]. On the other hand, acetaminophen is also frequently found in natural and drinking water worldwide, reaching concentrations of over 500 ng L −1 in river waters [2,3,5,6]. In our previous study, acetaminophen was not efficiently adsorbed In the models with two ibuprofen molecules in the COF pore the average interaction per one ibuprofen molecule between the deprotonated form and the COF structure was −19 kcal mol −1 , whereas for the protonated form a slightly enhanced value of −21 kcal mol −1 was found.…”

Section: Comparative Extractions Of Ibuprofen Phenobarbital and Acementioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, a maximum level of 10 ng L −1 for the presence of pharmaceuticals in natural waters was established to avoid environmental and health risks [4]. Ibuprofen is not only the most widely used pharmaceutical compound, but also the most frequently found in natural and drinking water worldwide [2,3,5,6]. According to NORMAN and KNAPPE European projects, which compiled data from 117 studies on the presence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in wastewater from Europe, Brazil, and North America, ibuprofen is among the PPCPs with the highest concentrations in effluents [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extraction of Ibuprofen from Natural Waters Using a Covalent Organic Framework

et al. 2020

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Ibuprofen is one of the most widely used pharmaceuticals, and due to its inefficient removal by conventional wastewater treatment, it can be found in natural surface waters at high concentrations. Recently, we demonstrated that the TpBD-(CF3)2 covalent organic framework (COF) can adsorb ibuprofen from ultrapure water with high efficiency. Here, we investigate the performance of the COF for the extraction of ibuprofen from natural water samples from a lake, river, and estuary. In general, the complexity of the natural water matrix induced a reduction in the adsorption efficiency of ibuprofen as compared to ultrapure water. The best performance, with over 70% adsorption efficiency, was found in lake water, the sample which featured the lowest pH. According to the theoretical calculations, ibuprofen more favorably interacts with the COF pores in the protonated form, which could partially account for the enhanced adsorption efficiency found in lake water. In addition, we explored the effect of the presence of competing pharmaceuticals, namely, acetaminophen and phenobarbital, on the ibuprofen adsorption as binary mixtures. Acetaminophen and phenobarbital were adsorbed by TpBD-(CF3)2 with low efficiency and their presence led to an increase in ibuprofen adsorption in the binary mixtures. Overall, this study demonstrates that TpBD-(CF3)2 is an efficient adsorbent for the extraction of ibuprofen from natural waters as well.

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Drought in intermittent river and ephemeral stream networks

2021

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Intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (IRES), those watercourses that periodically cease to flow or dry, are the world's most widespread type of river ecosystem.Our understanding of the natural hydrology and ecology of IRES has greatly improved, but their responses to extreme events such as drought remain a research frontier. In this review, we present the state of the art, knowledge gaps and research directions on droughts in IRES from an ecohydrological perspective. We clarify the definition of droughts in IRES, giving recommendations to promote transferability in how ecohydrological studies characterize droughts in non-perennial stream networks. Based on a systematic search of the literature, we also identify common patterns and sources of variation in the ecological responses of IRES to droughts and provide a roadmap for further research to enable improved understanding and management of IRES during those extreme hydrological events. Confusion in the terminology and the lack of tools to assess the hydrological responses of IRES to drought may have hindered the development of drought research in IRES. We found that 44% of studies confused the term drought with seasonal drying and that those that measure droughts in a transferable way are a minority. Studies on ecological responses to drought in IRES networks are still rare and limited to a few climatic zones and organisms and mainly explored in perennial sections. Our review highlights the need for additional research on this topic to inform IRES management and conservation.

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Pharmaceuticals in a Mediterranean Basin: The influence of temporal and hydrological patterns in environmental risk assessment

Cited by 64 publications

References 49 publications

Assessment of multiclass pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) in hospital WWTP influent and effluent samples by UHPLC-Orbitrap MS: Temporal variation, removals and environmental risk assessment

Assessment of multiclass pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) in hospital WWTP influent and effluent samples by UHPLC-Orbitrap MS: Temporal variation, removals and environmental risk assessment

Extraction of Ibuprofen from Natural Waters Using a Covalent Organic Framework

Drought in intermittent river and ephemeral stream networks

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