Pharmaceuticals, endocrine disruptors, personal care products, nanomaterials and perfluorinated pollutants: a review

Tijani, Jimoh Oladejo; Fatoba, Ojo O.; Babajide, Omotola; Petrik, Leslie

doi:10.1007/s10311-015-0537-z

Cited by 361 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…and household products such as soaps, detergents, disinfectants, perfumes, dental care products, skin and hair products, and surfactants, as well as these compounds' degradation products. [4][5][6] There is growing evidence that certain emerging contaminants could affect human and environmental health. For example, the veterinary use of diclofenac, which is also a human pharmaceutical used as an anti-inflammatory treatment, was found to be responsible for the massive decline in populations of vulture species in certain areas of Asia 7 ; ethinylestradiol, one of the active ingredients in the contraceptive pill, has been associated with endocrine disruption and feminisation in fish 8 ; and there is concern that long-term exposure to antibiotic pharmaceuticals and disinfectant products may be contributing to the selection of resistant bacteria with significant impacts upon human health.…”

Section: Background To the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Desalination and seawater quality at Green Point, Cape Town: A study on the effects of marine sewage outfalls (with corrigendum)

Petrik¹,

Green²,

Abegunde³

et al. 2017

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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This paper presents our collection methods, laboratory protocols and findings in respect of sewage pollution affecting seawater and marine organisms in Table Bay, Cape Town, South Africa, then moves to consider their implications for the governance of urban water as well as sewage treatment and desalination. A series of seawater samples, collected from approximately 500 m to 1500 m offshore, in rock pools at low tide near Granger Bay, and at a depth under beach sand of 300-400 mm, were investigated for the presence of bacteriological load indicator organisms including Escherichia coli and Enterococcus bacteria. A second series of samples comprised limpets (Patella vulgata), mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis), sea urchins (Tripneustes ventricosus), starfish (Fromia monilis), sea snails (Tegula funebralis) and seaweed (Ulva lactuca), collected in rock pools at low tide near Granger Bay, and sediment from wet beach sand and where the organisms were found, close to the sites of a proposed desalination plant and a number of recreational beaches. Intermittently high levels of microbial pollution were noted, and 15 pharmaceutical and common household chemicals were identified and quantified in the background seawater and bioaccumulated in marine organisms. These indicator microbes and chemicals point to the probable presence of pathogens, and literally thousands of chemicals of emerging concern in the seawater. Their bioaccumulation potential is demonstrated.In respect of proposed desalination, the findings indicate that desalinated seawater must be subjected to treatment protocols capable of removing both bacterial loads and organic chemical compounds. The terms of reference for desalination plants must specify adequate testing and monitoring of chemical compounds as well as microorganisms in the intake and recovered water. Drinking water supplied by the proposed seawater desalination plants should be carefully tested for its toxicity.In respect of water management, our findings suggest the need for the City of Cape Town to move to an integrated water and sewage management plan that treats urban water, including seawater, as a circulating system that is integral to the health of the City, and which excludes marine outfalls.

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Section: Background To the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Desalination and seawater quality at Green Point, Cape Town: A study on the effects of marine sewage outfalls (with corrigendum)

Petrik¹,

Green²,

Abegunde³

et al. 2017

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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“…Many chemicals in personal care and consumer products such as preservatives, UV filters, plasticizers, fragrances, antimicrobials, pesticides and flame retardants are suspected to have or are recognised as endocrine system disruptors [1, 2]. Unfortunately, there is lack or limited understanding of the extent and patterns of human exposure to these chemicals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new analytical framework for multi-residue analysis of chemically diverse endocrine disruptors in complex environmental matrices utilising ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

2018

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This manuscript presents a comprehensive analytical framework for identification and quantification of chemically diverse endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) used in personal care and consumer products in diverse solid and liquid environmental matrices with an ultimate goal of evaluating public exposure to EDCs via water fingerprinting. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) was used for targeted analysis of selected EDCs as well as to identify and quantify a few metabolites using post-acquisition data mining. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) was applied to liquid matrices in order to reduce matrix effects and provide required sample concentration and ultimately, high sensitivity and selectivity of measurements. SPE recoveries in liquid samples ranged from 49 to 140% with method quantification limits not exceeding 1 ng L−1 for the majority of EDCs. Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was applied to solid samples and when followed by SPE, it permitted the analysis of EDCs in digested sludge. MAE/SPE recoveries varied from 11 to 186% and MQLs between 0.03 and 8.1 ng g−1 with the majority of compounds showing MQLs below 2 ng g−1. Mass error for quantifier and qualifier ions was below 5 ppm when analysing river water and effluent wastewater and below 10 ppm when analysing influent wastewater and solid samples. The method was successfully applied to environmental samples, with 33 EDCs identified and quantified in wastewater and receiving waters. In addition, several EDCs were found in digested sludge, which confirms that for a more comprehensive understanding of exposure patterns and environmental impact, analysis of solids cannot be neglected. Finally, post-acquisition data mining permitted the identification and quantification of a metabolite of BPA and the identification of a metabolite of 4-Cl-3-methylphenol. Graphical abstractᅟ Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00216-018-1483-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Pharmaceutical compounds (PhCs) are currently considered to be micropollutants due to their persistence in the environment at ultralow concentrations [1][2][3]. The environmental effects of most of these compounds are still under study, and regulations and standards are also limited or nonexistent for most [2,4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroperoxidase-Mediated Halogenation of Selected Pharmaceutical Micropollutants

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The oxidation of eight pharmaceutical micropollutants by chloroperoxidase derived from Caldaromyces fumago using hydrogen peroxide as an electron acceptor is reported. All the tested compounds, namely trazadone, sulfamethoxazole, naproxen, tetracycline, estradiol, ketoconazole, ketorolac, and diclofenac, were found to be substrates for oxidation by chloroperoxidase. The respective oxidation products were identified by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. All the products contain at least one chloride atom in their structure after the enzymatic oxidation. Degradability experiments indicated that most of the reaction products are more biodegradable than the corresponding unmodified compounds. The enzyme was found to be catalytically active in effluent from a water treatment facility, transforming the micropollutants with high reaction rates and conversions. The enzyme was immobilized in chitosan macrospheres, which allowed the catalyst to be recycled for up to three treatment cycles in simulated samples of treated residual water. The conversion was high in the first two cycles; however, in the third, a 50% reduction in the capacity of the enzyme to oxidize ketorolac was observed. Additionally, immobilization improved the performance of the enzyme over a wider pH range, achieving the conversion of ketorolac at pH 5, while the free enzyme was not active at this pH. Overall, the results of this study suggest that chloroperoxidase represents a powerful potential catalyst in terms of its catalytic activity for the transformation of pharmaceutical micropollutants.

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Pharmaceuticals, endocrine disruptors, personal care products, nanomaterials and perfluorinated pollutants: a review

Cited by 361 publications

References 130 publications

Desalination and seawater quality at Green Point, Cape Town: A study on the effects of marine sewage outfalls (with corrigendum)

Desalination and seawater quality at Green Point, Cape Town: A study on the effects of marine sewage outfalls (with corrigendum)

A new analytical framework for multi-residue analysis of chemically diverse endocrine disruptors in complex environmental matrices utilising ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Chloroperoxidase-Mediated Halogenation of Selected Pharmaceutical Micropollutants

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