Pharmaceutical Systems as a Strategy to Enhance the Stability of Oxytetracycline Hydrochloride Polymorphs in Solution

Abstract

In order to improve the stability of oxytetracycline hydrochloride, a polymorphic antibiotic set of novel binary systems were developed using β-cyclodextrin and amino acids with different acid-basic characteristics as ligands. The formation constants for each system containing β-cyclodextrin, L-aspartic acid, histidine and N-acetylcysteine were determined by Scott’s method and statistical studies. The structure of the binary systems with β-cyclodextrin and N-acetylcysteine was elucidated by NMR experiments. The effect β-cyclodextrin and N-acetylcysteine on the polymorph’s chemical stability in aqueous and phosphate buffered saline solutions at 25 °C was monitored by an optimized and validated high-performance liquid chromatography method. The combination of N-acetylcysteine with the three polymorphs and the β-cyclodextrin system obtained with the form III demonstrated a reduction in the degradation rate of oxytetracycline hydrochloride in the aqueous solution when compared to each free form, with an increase of 20 h in the half time. It evidences that the use of amino acids as ligands constitutes an interesting alternative for pharmaceutical areas. In conclusion, based on the results obtained, these pharmaceutical systems could be candidates for the development of a pharmaceutical formulation for the administration of the drug through reconstituted solutions using the binary system as a promising tool for improving the stability of oxytetracycline hydrochloride polymorphs in solution.

Cyclodextrins and Their Derivatives as Drug Stability Modifiers

“…Oxytetracycline hydrochloride is another broad-spectrum polymorphic tetracycline antibiotic with instability problems, including photodegradation, oxidative degradation, and hydrolysis. Bueno et al [ 49 ] surprisingly observed that binary systems obtained with βCD only demonstrated a reduction in the degradation rate of oxytetracycline hydrochloride form III in the aqueous solution, with an increase of 20 h in the half time when compared to free form. This revealed distinct interactions between the CD and each drug polymorph, which influence their stabilizing effects.…”

Stability Studies of the Dilution Series of Different Antibiotic Stock Solutions in Culture Medium Incubated at 37 °C

“…In acidic conditions, colistin’s half-life remains extensive even at elevated temperatures, but it decreases notably under basic conditions [ 25 , 26 ]. Oxytetracycline’s stability is compromised by factors such as oxidation, hydrolysis, pH, temperature, and light exposure [ 27 ]. Data on the stability of oxytetracycline are notably scarce, presenting a challenge for comprehensive understanding.…”