Pharmaceutical prerequisites for a multi-target therapy

Kroll, U.; Cordes, Christiane

doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2006.03.016

Cited by 46 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…An herbal multicomponent preparation, STW 5, containing well-defined standardized extracts of Iberis amara ( Brassicaceae ), Angelica archangelica root ( Apiaceae ), Matricaria chamomilla flower ( Asteraceae ), Mentha piperita leaves ( Labiatae ), Carum carvi fruits ( Apiaceae ), Silybum marianum fruits ( Asteraceae ), Melissa officinalis leaves ( Lamiaceae ), Chelidonium majus ( Papaveraceae ), and Glycyrrhiza glabra root ( Fabaceae ) (14,15) was found to be very effective in the treatment of patients with FD as well as in IBS (16 -22). Its mechanism of action seems to be multi-factorial, including anti-inflammatory and mucosal protective effects (23,24).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of an Herbal Preparation, STW 5, in an Acute Model of Reflux Oesophagitis in Rats

et al. 2010

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Abstract.A multitarget herbal preparation, STW 5, has been used clinically in different gastrointestinal disorders including functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome. Previous studies have shown that it possesses properties that may render it useful in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD). We performed this study to test this compound in an acute model of reflux oesophagitis in rats. Oesophagitis was induced surgically by ligating the pyloric end and fore-stomach. Lower oesophageal pH was measured 3 h later in conscious animals. Five hours after surgery, animals were sacrificed and the oesophagi were examined macroscopically and histologically. Selected markers of inflammation were measured in oesophageal homogenates. STW 5 was given orally for 5 days before induction of oesophagitis. Pantoprazole was used as a reference standard. Ligated animals showed a high incidence of ulcerative lesions associated with a marked increase in myeloperoxidase, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, tumor necrosis factor-α , and interleukin-1 β . STW 5 did not affect oesophageal pH, but dose-dependently reduced the severity of the oesophageal lesions and normalized the deranged level of the inflammation markers. The beneficial effects were confirmed histopathologically. STW 5 proved to be effective in protecting against inflammatory lesions in this model of oesophagitis, thus warranting further investigation of its potential therapeutic usefulness in GERD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of an Herbal Preparation, STW 5, in an Acute Model of Reflux Oesophagitis in Rats

et al. 2010

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“…Drug discovery techniques applied to the standardization of herbal medicines have revealed numerous analytical marker compounds. In the present study, quality control tests such as pharmacognostic methods, characteristic fingerprint chromatograms, defined amounts of marker substances and physicochemical characteristics were used for the extract standardization (37).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bothrops jararacussu venom-induced neuromuscular blockade inhibited by Casearia gossypiosperma Briquet hydroalcoholic extract

Camargo¹,

Nazato²,

Silva³

et al. 2010

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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Abstract:The hydroalcoholic extract of Casearia gossypiosperma Briquet (Flacourtiaceae) was standardized for the first time through quality control procedures including pharmacognostic methods, fingerprint chromatograms, defined amounts of marker substances and physicochemical characteristics. The pharmacological activity of C. gossypiosperma (Cg) hydroalcoholic extract was assayed by a traditional in vitro test, which involved irreversible neuromuscular blockade induced by Bothrops jararacussu (Bjssu) venom (60 μg/mL) in mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparations. Bjssu venom blocked muscle activity for 26 (± 2.0) minutes (n = 6). Cg extract (0.1 mg/mL) induced changes on the baseline muscle activity without impairing the muscle function and inhibited 87.6% (± 1.8) (n = 6) of the Bjssu venom-induced blockade. Both flavonoids (0.624 g%) and polyphenols (4.63 g%) from the extract were spectrophotometrically quantified. Therefore, the present study confirms the antibothropic activity of Cg extract, supporting the ethnomedical use of Casearia sp. in the treatment of snakebite victims.Key words: antibothropic extract, Bothrops jararacussu, Casearia gossypiosperma Briquet, snake venoms. pharmacologically assessed for the first time. Original PaPer The Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical DiseasesIn vivo myotoxic effects and in vitro irreversible neuromuscular blockade effects of crude venom from the snake Bothrops jararacussu are well known pharmacological methods used to study drugs showing antivenom properties (29,30). Thus, the aim of the present study was to verify the capability of Casearia gossypiosperma hydroalcoholic extract to neutralize the neuromuscular blockade induced by Bothrops jararacussu venom. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant Material and ExtractionLeaves from an adult C. gossypiosperma Briquet (Cg) tree were collected from the herbarium at the Higher School of Agriculture Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ) of the University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil, in January 2006; the species was previously identified in 1988 (protocol IAC 38115). Cg leaves were dried at 35°C to 40°C for 24 hours. The dried leaves were then powdered, ground in a mill, macerated (200 g, during five days) in 2 L of 70% ethanol and the suspension was percolated (under protection against light) at 20 drops/minute, resulting in a 10% (m/v) hydroalcoholic extract. Quality Control Assays of the Medicinal Plants Ash and humidity testsTo observe elementary physical and chemical characteristics, Cg powder was subjected to ash and humidity tests (31). Briefly, 100 g of the specimen powder were placed in six calibrated melting pots, which were warmed until total carbonization of the powders. The melting pots were kept at 650°C and the ashes were then weighed. Results are expressed as grams of ashes/100 g of sample. The humidity test was performed by placing 1 g of specimen powder in six calibrated porcelain capsules, which were heated at 105ºC during four hours and then weighed. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)Aliquots...

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“…Since flavonoids, essential oils, hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, coumarins, dicarboxylic acids, silymarins, amino acid derivatives and glycyrrhizic acid are the characteristic compounds of the individual ethanol extract of STW 5 (Kroll & Cordes, 2006;Wegener & Wagner, 2006); in this study, we decided to consider the preventive effect of ethanol extract of STW 5 in liver and lung tissues in CLP rat model by measuring the tissue histophatological parameters. Table 2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%