Pharmaceutical characterization and pharmacokinetics of florfenicol-loaded alginate dried beads in rabbits

Gutiérrez, Lilia; Benitez, Xelhua Marcos; García-Guzmán, Perla; Monroy-Barreto, Minerva; López, Héctor Sumano

doi:10.4995/wrs.2022.16381

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, their utility has been compromised in recent years by the emergence of resistance to antimicrobial drugs. Given the increasingly limited availability of antimicrobial drugs for poultry production, it is reasonable to think that an immediate operational line of research is to optimize the pharmaceutical design of each active principle ( 9 ). The study on the absorption and bioavailability processes of antibacterial drugs in poultry is limited ( 17 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral pharmacokinetics of a pharmaceutical preparation of florfenicol in broiler chickens

Gutierrez,

Guzman-Flores,

Monroy-Barreto

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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IntroductionThe use of florfenicol must follow particular pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) ratios, i.e., it requires achieving serum concentrations at or slightly above the pathogen's minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) during the dosing interval and that the ratio of area under the concentration vs. time curve (AUC)/MIC should be as high as possible (still undetermined for poultry). As an alternative to the standard soluble florfenicol that is administered to the flock through drinking water, florfenicol premix is often recommended as feed medication in Latin America. However, no particular pharmaceutical design has been proposed.MethodsThis study compared the PK of two preparations of florfenicol in broiler chickens and pondered the possibility of each covering the referred PK-PD ratios as predictors of clinical efficacy. The preparations comprise a pharmaceutical form as FOLA pellets (F = bioavailability; O = optimum; and LA = long-acting) and the premix formulation. The former are small colored pellets with vehicles and absorption enhancers of florfenicol designed for long action, and the latter is the reference premix of the antibiotic. First, these two pharmaceutical forms of florfenicol were administered as oral boluses (30 mg/kg), aided by a probe. In a second trial of the dosing form, both pharmaceutical preparations of florfenicol were administered in feed and ad libitum (110 ppm; ~30 mg/kg).ResultsIn both cases, FOLA-florfenicol presented much higher relative bioavailability (3.27 times higher) and mean better residence time than florfenicol premix (two times high when forced as bolus dose). Consequently, FOLA-florfenicol possesses better PK/PD ratios than less sensitive pathogens, i.e., E. coli. It is proposed that if a metaphylactic treatment of a bacterial outbreak in poultry is implemented with florfenicol prepared as FOLA, better PK/PD ratios will be obtained than those of standard florfenicol premix.DiscussionClinicians must confirm that feed consumption in the flock has not been affected by the particular disease if FOLA pellets of florfenicol are used.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prudent use of highly potent antimicrobial drugs in veterinary medicine, such as florfenicol, is required ( 9 , 17 ). To achieve this goal, it is necessary to design pharmaceutical preparations that better comply with each drug's competent PK/PD ratios ( 19 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%