Pharmaceutical assessment of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP): As excipient from conventional to controlled delivery systems with a spotlight on COVID-19 inhibition

Abstract

Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is a water-soluble polymer obtained by polymerization of monomer N -vinylpyrrolidone. PVP is an inert, non-toxic, temperature-resistant, pH-stable, biocompatible, biodegradable polymer that helps to encapsulate and cater both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. These advantages enable PVP a versatile excipient in the formulation development of broad conventional to novel controlled delivery systems. PVP has tunable properties and can be used as a brace component for gene delivery, orthopedic implants, and tissue engineering applications. Based on different molecular weights and modified forms, PVP can lead to exceptional beneficial features with varying chemical properties. Graft copolymerization and other techniques assist PVP to conjugate with poorly soluble drugs that can inflate bioavailability and even introduces the desired swelling tract for their control or sustained release. The present review provides chemistry, mechanical, physicochemical properties, evaluation parameters, dewy preparation methods of PVP derivatives intended for designing conventional to controlled systems for drug, gene, and cosmetic delivery. The past and growing interest in PVP establishes it as a promising polymer to enhance the trait and performance of current generation pharmaceutical dosage forms. Furthermore, the scrutiny explores existing patents, marketed products, new and futuristic approaches of PVP that have been identified and scope for future development, characterization, and its use. The exploration spotlights the importance and role of PVP in the design of Povidone-iodine (PVP–I) and clinical trials to assess therapeutic efficacy against the COVID-19 in the current pandemic scenario.

Exploration of Bioengineered Scaffolds Composed of Thermo-Responsive Polymers for Drug Delivery in Wound Healing

“…PVP has also attracted the attention of many research groups for developing novel drug delivery systems. Although it is a hydrophilic polymer it can encapsulate either hydrophilic or poorly water-soluble drugs [ 191 ]. Its swelling properties and pore-forming capacity were used by Zuo et al to improve the performance of the developed chitosan/polyurethane scaffold for skin tissue engineering [ 192 ].…”

Assessing the Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Design of Drug Delivery Systems

“…In sequence to best illuminate substance possessions, tasks identification visualizing (SPM approach) have been implemented in which the concept part investigation (PCA) and ANNs are used for clarification of the insert data, reducing of the number of individualistic adaptable, to draw out from datasets, and quick issueresolving. Next, to appeal to the growth of stylish triggers, the AI technique is used for segregating the shape of characters of micro substances and regular testing of their influence on the biotic process [33][34][35][36].…”

Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensors Based on Copper Sulfides: Effect of Binder-Particles Interactions in Drop-Casted Suspensions on Electrodes Electrochemical Performance

“…In liquids solutions, it has exceptional wetting properties and easily forms films [ 30 ]. Extensive studies proved that PVP is biological inert, and therefore it is used in pharmacy [ 31 ]. Another application field is nanomaterials synthesis, where it can serve as dispersant, surface stabilizer, reductant or growth inductor [ 32 ].…”