Pharmaceutical and personal care products in tile drainage following land application of municipal biosolids

Lapen, David R.; Topp, Edward; Metcalfe, Chris D.; Li, H.; Edwards, Michael G.; Gottschall, N.; Bolton, P.; Curnoe, W. E.; Payne, Michael A.; Beck, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.02.025

Cited by 135 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Manure application on forage fields over the entire growing season is common in the region; moreover, forage fields are often near livestock operations. The area of investigation is heavily tile drained, and thus, contaminants in manure at the time of application can quickly be transported to adjacent watercourses (37). We previously showed with the same data set that densities of E. coli (and Enterococcus spp.)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and Diversity of Escherichia coli Populations in the South Nation River Drainage Basin, Eastern Ontario, Canada

Lyautey

Lü

Lapen

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

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We investigated the prevalence and diversity of Escherichia coli strains isolated from surface waters from multiple watersheds within the South Nation River basin in eastern Ontario, Canada. The basin is composed of mixed but primarily agricultural land uses. From March 2004 to November 2007, a total of 2,004 surface water samples were collected from 24 sampling sites. E. coli densities ranged from undetectable to 1.64 ؋ 10 5 CFU 100 ml ؊1 and were correlated with stream order and proximity to livestock production systems. The diversity of 21,307 E. coli isolates was characterized using repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (rep-PCR), allowing for the identification of as many as 7,325 distinct genotypes, without capturing all of the diversity. The community was temporally and spatially dominated by a few dominant genotypes (clusters of more than 500 isolates) and several genotypes of intermediary abundance (clustering between 10 and 499 isolates). Simpson diversity indices, assessed on a normalized number of isolates per sample, ranged from 0.050 to 0.668. Simpson indices could be statistically discriminated on the basis of year and stream order, but land use, discharge, weather, and water physical-chemical properties were not statistically important discriminators. The detection of Campylobacter species was associated with statistically lower Simpson indices (greater diversity; P < 0.05). Waterborne E. coli isolates from genotypes of dominant and intermediary abundance were clustered with isolates obtained from fecal samples collected in the study area over the same period, and 90% of the isolates tested proved to share genotypes with fecal isolates. Overall, our data indicated that the densities and distribution of E. coli in these mixed-use watersheds were linked to stream order and livestock-based land uses. Waterborne E. coli populations that were distinct from fecal isolates were detected and, on this basis, were possibly naturalized E. coli strains.Escherichia coli is ubiquitously distributed in fecal material from humans and warm-blooded animals (38). The detection of E. coli in water is an implicit indicator of recent fecal contamination and therefore of the risk of cooccurrence of enteric pathogens that can cause illness in susceptible populations (62). Many jurisdictions evaluate and mandate compliance with drinking and recreational water quality standards on the basis of the presence and abundance of E. coli (14,44). For example, Canadian recreational water quality standards stipulate that E. coli densities in excess of a geometric mean of 200 CFU per 100 ml indicate that the water is unsuitable for swimming and bathing (23).In a background of increasing occurrence of microbial contamination of surface water, a variety of methods for elucidating the sources of fecal contamination have been developed, and these microbial source tracking (MST) methods are recommended components of fecal pollution abatement strategies (16,57). So-called library-dependent MST methods compare environmental isolates to co...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and Diversity of Escherichia coli Populations in the South Nation River Drainage Basin, Eastern Ontario, Canada

Lyautey

Lü

Lapen

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Pharmaceuticals may also enter surface water and groundwater through leaching of land-based pharmaceutical waste and solid waste contaminated with drugs. Major sources are unwanted or leftover drugs in domestic solid waste from residential households [52], from the pharmaceutical industry [50,60,61], from farm operations that land apply drug-tainted biosolids [62,63], and from animal waste that may contain excreted pharmaceuticals and partially metabolized drugs [40,64].…”

Section: General Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Today, approximately 50% of U.S. sewage sludge is applied on land as biosolids for inexpensive disposal and as a fertilizer or soil conditioner [101]. The application of biosolids laced with pharmaceuticals can pose secondary risks to water resources via leaching into groundwater and contamination of surface waters from runoff [63,[102][103][104][105].…”

Section: Pharmaceuticals In Municipal Sludgementioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmaceuticals in the Built and Natural Water Environment of the United States

Deo

Halden

2013

Water

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Abstract:The known occurrence of pharmaceuticals in the built and natural water environment, including in drinking water supplies, continues to raise concerns over inadvertent exposures and associated potential health risks in humans and aquatic organisms. At the same time, the number and concentrations of new and existing pharmaceuticals in the water environment are destined to increase further in the future as a result of increased consumption of pharmaceuticals by a growing and aging population and ongoing measures to decrease per-capita water consumption. This review examines the occurrence and movement of pharmaceuticals in the built and natural water environment, with special emphasis on contamination of the drinking water supply, and opportunities for sustainable pollution control. We surveyed peer-reviewed publications dealing with quantitative measurements of pharmaceuticals in U.S. drinking water, surface water, groundwater, raw and treated wastewater as well as municipal biosolids. Pharmaceuticals have been observed to reenter the built water environment contained in raw drinking water, and they remain detectable in finished drinking water at concentrations in the ng/L to μg/L range.

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“…The fate and effects of triclosan in aquatic environments have been well studied [2,3,5,12,13], and attention in the recent literature has started to examine the effects [4,14], degradation [15], and transport [16][17][18][19] of triclosan in soil. Because triclosan is known to have antimicrobial properties, it could have some inhibitory effects on soil microbial functions, such as respiration and nitrification.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of triclosan on soil microbial respiration

Butler

Whelan

Ritz

et al. 2010

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The antimicrobial substance triclosan has widespread use in personal care products and can enter the terrestrial environment if sewage sludge is applied to soil. The inhibitory effects of triclosan on basal and substrate-induced respiration (SIR) of three different soils were investigated. Soils were dosed and later redosed with four nominal triclosan concentrations, and respiration rates were measured over time. In each soil, a significant depression in basal respiration was noted after initial dosing, followed by a recovery. The initial extent of respiration inhibition was positively related to the triclosan dose, i.e., respiration was most inhibited at highest triclosan concentration. Differences in respiration inhibition between soils at equivalent dose were inversely correlated with organic matter and clay content, suggesting that the bioavailability of triclosan might have been reduced by sorption to organic carbon or by physical protection in micropores. Substrate-induced respiration was also reduced by the addition of triclosan and subsequently recovered. After redosing with triclosan, basal respiration was enhanced in all soils, suggesting that it was acting as a substrate. However, redosing resulted in SIR inhibition in all treatments above 10 mg triclosan kg(-1) in all three soils, although all soils appeared to be more resistant to perturbation than following initial dosing. The present study suggests that triclosan inhibits soil respiration but that a subsequent acclimation of the microbial community occurs.

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Pharmaceutical and personal care products in tile drainage following land application of municipal biosolids

Cited by 135 publications

References 55 publications

Distribution and Diversity of Escherichia coli Populations in the South Nation River Drainage Basin, Eastern Ontario, Canada

Distribution and Diversity of Escherichia coli Populations in the South Nation River Drainage Basin, Eastern Ontario, Canada

Pharmaceuticals in the Built and Natural Water Environment of the United States

Effects of triclosan on soil microbial respiration

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