Pharma‐molecule Transport across Bacterial Membranes: Detection and Quantification Approaches by Electrochemistry and Bioanalytical Methods

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance is a significant challenge encountered by healthcare systems on a global scale. Knowledge about membrane transport of antibiotics and other pharmacologically relevant molecules in bacteria is crucial towards understanding and overcoming antibiotic resistance, as drug resistance often depends on drug transport. This comprehensive literature review discusses the detection and quantification of membrane transport of pharma‐molecules in bacteria and highlights the importance of molecule transport to antibiotic resistance. This review emphasizes electrochemical and electrophysiological methods of detection and quantification. The results of this literature review reveal a substantial diversity in methods and types of quantitative information collected.

Electronic polarization effects on membrane translocation of anti-cancer drugs

“…relationship between membrane transport and antibiotic resistance) relies on a detailed understanding of interactions with the surroundings, which in turn affects the free energy of a given process. 7 Since a detailed view of biomolecular interactions is often experimentally intractable, theoretical approaches are resorted to. Effective investigation of interactions with the surroundings ( e.g.…”