Phagocytosis of virulent and avirulent leptospires by guinea-pig and human polymorphonuclear leukocytes in vitro

McGrath, Helen; Adler, Ben; Vinh, Tu; Faine, S.

doi:10.3109/00313028409068531

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…LPS has been identified, by monoclonal antibodies, as an important protective antigen in acute infections with other gram-negative bacteria (Colwell et al, 1984;Kirkland and Ziegler, 1984;Sawada et al, 1984), but it was not possible to perform protection experiments with serovar hardjo as it does not cause lethal infections in laboratory animals. The importance of opsonisation and phagocytosis as host defence mechanisms against leptospirosis is well established (Cinco et al, 1982;Tu et al, 1982;McGrath et al, 1984) and these observations together with the opsonic activities of our monoclonal antibodies identify LPS as an important protective antigen in leptospires of serovar hardjo. The significance of LPS in immunity and prevention of leptospirosis thus requires further study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…When required, 10-pl volumes of monoclonal antibodies or mouse anti-hardjo serum at subagglutinating concentrations (such that the final dilution was double the MAT titre) or normal mouse serum or DME-FCS (final dilution 1 in 100) were added to CL vials, followed by leptospires at a ratio of 1 OO/macrophage. CL measurements were performed as described previously (McGrath et al, 1984). For immunofluorescence, lo8 leptospires were incubated with lo6 macrophages for 30 min at 37"C, the monolayers washed with phosphate-buffered saline pH 7.2 (PBS), fixed for 10 min in formalin 10% v/v in PBS, and washed three times in PBS.…”

Section: Opsonisation and Phagocytosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Opsonic monoclonal antibodies against lipopolysaccharide antigens of Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo

Farrelly

Adler

Faine

1987

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Opsonisation and Phagocytosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Opsonic monoclonal antibodies against lipopolysaccharide antigens of Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo

Farrelly

Adler

Faine

1987

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Virulent leptospires become associated with neutrophils, but are not killed (117,613). Phagocytosis occurs only in the presence of serum and complement (385), suggesting that the outer envelope of leptospires possesses an antiphagocytic component. Leptospiral LPS stimulated adherence of neutrophils to endothelial cells (166,298) and platelets, causing aggregation and suggesting a role in the development of thrombocytopenia (298).…”

Section: Attachmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptospirosis

2001

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Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic infection with a much greater incidence in tropical regions and has now been identified as one of the emerging infectious diseases. The epidemiology of leptospirosis has been modified by changes in animal husbandry, climate, and human behavior. Resurgent interest in leptospirosis has resulted from large outbreaks that have received significant publicity. The development of simpler, rapid assays for diagnosis has been based largely on the recognition that early initiation of antibiotic therapy is important in acute disease but also on the need for assays which can be used more widely. In this review, the complex taxonomy of leptospires, previously based on serology and recently modified by a genotypic classification, is discussed, and the clinical and epidemiological value of molecular diagnosis and typing is also evaluated

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“…Immunity to infection is mediated principally by antibodies, which opsonize leptospires for phagocytosis by both neutrophils and macrophages (29,39) and also mediate complement-dependent killing (1). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major component of the leptospiral cell surface (10a, 41).…”

Section: Cells) Offering the Potential To Analyze Bacterial Surface Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Surfaceome of Leptospira spp

et al. 2005

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The identification of the subset of outer membrane proteins exposed on the surface of a bacterial cell (the surfaceome) is critical to understanding the interactions of bacteria with their environments and greatly narrows the search for protective antigens of extracellular pathogens. The surfaceome of Leptospira was investigated by biotin labeling of viable leptospires, affinity capture of the biotinylated proteins, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and mass spectrometry (MS). The leptospiral surfaceome was found to be predominantly made up of a small number of already characterized proteins, being in order of relative abundance on the cell surface: LipL32 > LipL21 > LipL41. Of these proteins, only LipL32 had not been previously identified as surface exposed. LipL32 surface exposure was subsequently verified by three independent approaches: surface immunofluorescence, whole-cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunoelectron microscopy. Three other proteins, Q8F8Q0 (a putative transmembrane outer membrane protein) and two proteins of 20 kDa and 55 kDa that could not be identified by MS, one of which demonstrated a high degree of labeling potentially representing an additional, as-yet-uncharacterized, surface-exposed protein. Minor labeling of p31 LipL45 , GroEL, and FlaB1 was also observed. Expression of the surfaceome constituents remained unchanged under a range of conditions investigated, including temperature and the presence of serum or urine. Immunization of mice with affinity-captured surface components stimulated the production of antibodies that bound surface proteins from heterologous leptospiral strains. The surfaceomics approach is particularly amenable to protein expression profiling using small amounts of sample (<10 7 cells) offering the potential to analyze bacterial surface expression during infection.

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Phagocytosis of virulent and avirulent leptospires by guinea-pig and human polymorphonuclear leukocytes in vitro

Cited by 34 publications

References 20 publications

Opsonic monoclonal antibodies against lipopolysaccharide antigens of Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo

Opsonic monoclonal antibodies against lipopolysaccharide antigens of Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo

Leptospirosis

Surfaceome of Leptospira spp

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