Phagocytosis in vitro and in vivo in the Antarctic sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri at 0°C

Borges, João Carlos Shimada; Porto-Neto, Laércio R.; Mangiaterra, Maria Bárbara Baptista Cepellos Daruiz; Jensch‐Junior, Bernard Ernesto; Silva, José António Pereira da

doi:10.1007/s00300-002-0431-6

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The phagocytosis assay was run as described in Bergami et al (2019) and following the protocol by Borges et al (2002) with slight modifications, as reported below. Before the assay, fresh suspensions of the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in 0.22 µm filtered NSW were prepared and yeast cells counted using Luna II Automated cell counter (Logos Biosystems Inc., Supplementary Figure S1).…”

Section: Phagocytosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A minimum of 100 cells per experimental group was observed under an optical microscope (Olympus BX51, Tokyo, Japan). Phagocytosis-related parameters were calculated on the phagocyte sub-population according to Borges et al (2002): phagocytic capacity (PC,%) and phagocytic index (PI,%) as the number of phagocytes internalizing yeast on the total phagocytes and the number of yeast cells internalized related to the number of phagocytes containing the yeast, respectively.…”

Section: Phagocytosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interplay Between Nanoplastics and the Immune System of the Mediterranean Sea Urchin Paracentrotus lividus

et al. 2021

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The present study highlights for the first time the interplay between model nanoplastics, such as the carboxyl-modified polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-COOH, 60 nm) NPs and the coelomocytes of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus, a benthic grazer widely distributed in Mediterranean coastal area, upon acute in vitro exposure (4 h) (5 and 25 μg mL–1). Insight into PS-COOH trafficking (uptake and clearance) and effects on immune cell functions (i.e., cell viability, lysosomal membrane stability, and phagocytosis) are provided. Dynamic Light Scattering analysis reveals that PS NP suspensions in CF undergo a quick agglomeration, more pronounced for PS-COOH (608.3 ± 43 nm) compared to PS-NH2 (329.2 ± 5 nm). However, both PS NPs are still found as nano-scale agglomerates in CF after 4 h of exposure, as shown by the polydispersity index > 0.3 associated with the presence of different PS NP size populations in the CF. The observed changes in ζ-potential upon suspension in CF (–11.1 ± 3 mV and –12.1 ± 4 mV for PS-COOH and PS-NH2, respectively) confirm the formation of a bio-corona on both PS NPs. Optical fluorescence microscopy and fluorimetric analyses using fluorescently labeled PS-COOH (60 nm) reveal a fast uptake of PS-COOH primarily by phagocytes within 1 h of exposure. Upon transfer to PS NP-free CF, a significant decrease in fluorescence signal is observed, suggesting a fast cell clearance. No effect on cell viability is observed after 4 h of exposure to PS-COOH, however a significant decrease in lysosomal membrane stability (23.7 ± 4.8%) and phagocytic capacity (63.43 ± 3.4%) is observed at the highest concentration tested. Similarly, a significant reduction in cell viability, lysosomal membrane stability and phagocytosis is found upon exposure to PS-NH2 (25 μg mL–1), which confirms the important role of surface charges in triggering immunotoxicity. Overall, our results show that, although being quickly internalized, PS-COOH can be easily eliminated by the coelomocytes but may still be able to trigger an immune response upon long-term exposure scenarios. Taking into account that sediments along Mediterranean coasts are a sink for micro- and nanoplastics, the latter can reach concentrations able to exceed toxicity-thresholds for marine benthic species.

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Section: Phagocytosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phagocytosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay Between Nanoplastics and the Immune System of the Mediterranean Sea Urchin Paracentrotus lividus

et al. 2021

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“…Os valores da CF encontrados no grupo controle do presente trabalho são similares àqueles observados em ouriços-do-mar antárticos Sterechinus neumayeri, por Borges et al (2002) onde a média de CF foi de 22,9, com (Plytycz, Seljelid, 1993 (Hall, 1998 (Caron, Hall, 1998). A família das proteínas Rho é parte da superfamília da Ras das pequenas GTPases.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…A classificação dos celomócitos foi realizada mediante características peculiares de cada tipo celular com auxílio de literatura existente (Borges et al, 2002;. Desse modo, as células foram classificadas da seguinte forma:…”

Section: Classificação Dos Celomócitosunclassified

“…Outro fato que levou a sua escolha foi por serem organismos não patogênicos, o que garante maior segurança para quem está manipulando a solução e por não gerar resíduos contaminantes. Por fim, experimentos com leveduras têm sido conduzidos por nossa equipe de pesquisa para organismos invertebrados e têm demonstrado boa aceitação na literatura (Borges et al, 2002;Silva, Peck, 1999;Silva et al, 2001).…”

Section: Contagem De Leveduras Saccharomyces Cerevisiaeunclassified

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Avaliação da resposta imune inata de ouriços-do-mar antárticos Sterechinus neumayeri e tropicais Lytechinus variegatus e Echinometra lucunter frente ao aquecimento global.

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Phagocytic amoebocyte sub populations in the perivisceral coelom of the sea urchinLytechinus variegatus (Lamarck, 1816)

et al. 2005

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The echinoderms are deuterostomic animals with a nonspecific immune system similar to that of vertebrates. Among coelomocytes, phagocytic amoebocytes have a key role in the nonspecific immune response in sea urchin, being responsible for microorganisms elimination through phagocytosis and also for humoral secretions of a wide spectrum. Sub-populations of phagocytic amoebocytes (PA) have been previously described and two distinct sub populations in the oral (OR) and aboral (AB) regions of the perivisceral coelom of L.variegatus in the present study were found. In the OR there is a higher number of PA with higher phagocytic capacity after 30 minutes of incubation with yeast and higher percentage of intranuclear iron crystalloids. The germicide capacity under the fluorescence technique did not show any difference. SDS-PAGE analysis showed different protein patterns between coelomocytes of OR and AB. Gravitational force had no effect in PA distribution and no physical barrier was found in the perivisceral coelom. The other coelomocyte (vibratile cells, red spherulocytes and white spherulocytes) populations were not different in OR compared with AB in their distribution. Some aspects of the possible causes of the differences found for PA are discussed in the paper.

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Phagocytosis in vitro and in vivo in the Antarctic sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri at 0°C

Cited by 26 publications

References 26 publications

Interplay Between Nanoplastics and the Immune System of the Mediterranean Sea Urchin Paracentrotus lividus

Interplay Between Nanoplastics and the Immune System of the Mediterranean Sea Urchin Paracentrotus lividus

Avaliação da resposta imune inata de ouriços-do-mar antárticos Sterechinus neumayeri e tropicais Lytechinus variegatus e Echinometra lucunter frente ao aquecimento global.

Phagocytic amoebocyte sub populations in the perivisceral coelom of the sea urchinLytechinus variegatus (Lamarck, 1816)

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