Phagocytes in cell suspensions of human colon mucosa.

Beeken, Warren L.; Northwood, Ingrid C.; Beliveau, Constance M.; Gump, Dieter W.

doi:10.1136/gut.28.8.976

Cited by 28 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Such protection would be of considerable importance in the colon, which in humans contains 10 10 -10 12 bacteria per gram of contents [17]. Macrophages are prominent just below the surface epithelium [18,19] and, together with eosinophils [20], would be capable of mediating the host response to luminal bacteria. The expression of CD14 by a significant proportion of lamina propria macrophages would facilitate these responses [21,22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration of human intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes, macrophages and eosinophils following the loss of surface epithelial cells

Mahida

Galvin²,

Gray

et al. 1997

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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Lymphocytes and macrophages are present in the normal intestinal lamina propria, separated from the epithelial monolayer by the basement membrane. There is evidence for movement of mononuclear cells through the lamina propria, entering from the systemic circulation and exiting via lymphatic channels. The goal of our studies was to investigate the capacity of cells to migrate out from the lamina propria into the lumen following the loss of surface epithelial cells. An in vitro model was therefore established in which normal human intestinal mucosal samples, denuded of the surface epithelium, were maintained in culture. Electron microscopy showed that during culture, large numbers (>2 x 10(6)/g tissue per 24 h) of cells migrated out of the lamina propria via discrete 'tunnels' which were in continuity with pores (diameter <4 microm) in the basement membrane. The emigrating cells were T cells (68.5 +/- 5.1%), macrophages (10.5 +/- 1.3%) and eosinophils (7.1 +/- 1.3%). Our studies have therefore demonstrated, for the first time, the capacity for large numbers of lymphocytes, macrophages and eosinophils to migrate out of the lamina propria, via basement membrane pores. We postulate that such emigration of cells occurs in vivo following the loss of surface epithelial cells due to injury, and could represent an important form of host defence against luminal microorganisms and also facilitate wound repair by enhancing restitution by neighbouring epithelial cells, via peptide factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration of human intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes, macrophages and eosinophils following the loss of surface epithelial cells

Mahida

Galvin²,

Gray

et al. 1997

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…Furthermore, recent work by Iyengar et al (1987) has shown that stimulated macrophages synthesize and secrete NO, and NO:. Since the large intestinal epithelium harbours large populations of macrophages which are constantly exposed to immunological stimuli (Beeken et al, 1987) it is likely that these cells contribute significantly towards NO: production in the colon. Nitrate is rapidly metabolized by faecal bacteria (Archer et al, 1981) and it seems possible therefore that the colon may function as a sink for this metabolite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Nitrate on Methane Production and Fermentation by Slurries of Human Faecal Bacteria

Allison

Macfarlane²

1988

Microbiology

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Most probable number counts showed that denitrifying species were the numerically predominant NO, reducing bacteria in the faeces of five methanogenic individuals [about 1O1O bacteria (g dry wt faeces)-']. In faecal slurries, however, denitrification was a relatively minor route of NO, dissimilation, since only about 3 % of the NO, was converted to gaseous products, with NO: being mainly reduced to NO, and NHI. When K N 0 2 was added to the slurries, denitrification became quantitatively more significant with approximately 23 % of the NO: being lost as gaseous products. The addition of KNO, (10 mM) to slurries containing either starch or casein significantly decreased H2 and CH4 production. The effect of NO? on methanogenesis was twofold : firstly, H2 accumulation decreased due to diversion of electrons towards NOg/NO? reduction, and as a result of H2 being used as an electron donor for NO, reduction, resulting in the removal of the methanogenic substrate ; secondly, there was direct inhibition of methane-producing bacteria by NO, and NO?. In starch-containing slurries, acetate : butyrate molar ratios were increased when NO: was added but this effect was not observed when casein replaced starch. These results show that the ability of NOg/NO? to act as an electron sink can significantly influence the major products of the human colonic fermentation.

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“…Thus, the calculated balance of effective, circulating phagocytes was at that time point 2.08 Â 10 3 /mm 3 vs. 1.1 Â 10 3 /mm 3 in the control group. A characteristic feature of blood phenotypic alteration in the CPtreated group was significant eosinophilia (10.2% on day 15); eosinophils have been shown to be almost as effective in phagocytic function as neutrophils toward various microorganisms [38,39] perhaps contributing to the enhanced clearance of bacteria in these mice. The importance of neutrophils infiltrating the liver and spleen was also studied in several models [28 -32], including model infection with E. coli and S. aureus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced clearance of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in mice treated with cyclophosphamide and lactoferrin

Artym

Zimecki

Kruzel

2004

International Immunopharmacology

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Phagocytes in cell suspensions of human colon mucosa.

Abstract: SUMMARY Because little is known of the phagocytes of the human colon we enumerated these cells in mucosal suspensions and studied their phagocytic activity. Phagocyte rich suspensions were made by EDTA

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

Migration of human intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes, macrophages and eosinophils following the loss of surface epithelial cells

Migration of human intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes, macrophages and eosinophils following the loss of surface epithelial cells

Effect of Nitrate on Methane Production and Fermentation by Slurries of Human Faecal Bacteria

Enhanced clearance of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in mice treated with cyclophosphamide and lactoferrin

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