Phagocyte-pathogen in the infected host

Jl, Mege; Martin, Claude; Saux, P.; Charrel, J; Mn, Mallet; Bongrand, P

doi:10.1097/00003246-198912000-00002

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In a lower animal, even in invertebrate one, the first and the last line of defense is also phagocytic cell. So the phago-cytic cell is an essential to maintain the physiological system for surviving a conventional circumstance [6][7][8][9][10]. In such cell, super oxide anion had been known as critical role in a phagocytic cell when microorganisms invaded inside [11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overall Estimation of Anti-Oxidant Activity by Mammal Macrophage

Yamaguchi¹,

Kawada²,

Jia³

et al. 2014

OJRA

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Super oxide anion had been known as a critical role in a phagocytic cell when microorganisms invade inside.However, this radical seldom need for a clean environment such in a developed country. Moreover, this agent sometimes triggered as serious factor in the site of inflammation. There are many papers which concerned newly found anti-oxidative substances. However, many reports only focused on the molecular basis in vitro, how oxidative stress damaged the human tissue. The key factor for oxidative stress needs to be discussed first for immunological standpoint, such as armed reduction treaty. In other words, minimum armed force is necessary for an invasion by outer or inner irregular cells. On the basis of phagocytic function of the cell in vivo, we tried to access anti-oxidative activity by employing peritoneal murine macrophage and human monocyte. So, the purpose of this study is to establish a conventional but tailor made system for which is useful for evaluating the anti-oxidative activity to different constition. Especially in human peripheral monocyte, the sample was tested each constitution such in granulocyte rich type and lymphocyte rich typ. In order to establish the direct estimation by phagocytic cell, a murine peritoneal exudates cell suspension was obtained after one week of oral administration with anti-oxidative sample. The samples we selected were traditional Chinese medicine, Shi-Quan-Da-Bu-Tang (SDT), Bu-Zong-Ye-Qi-Tang (BYT) and Shao-Chin-Rong-Tang sCRT), Agaricus, Chlorella, and Propolis. The amount of generated super oxide anion was calculated through measuring the optical density change of this supernatant using cytochrome-C which was reduced by generated super oxide anion in the phagocytic cell. The generated super oxide anion after administration of Agaricus, Chlorella, SDT, BYT, sCRT and Propolis were 2.64, 1.95, 1.24, 1.25, 2.88, 2.55 × 10 −5 mmol/ml, respectively, whereas 2.85 × 10 −5 mmol/ml in control group. The fermented sample from SDT, BYT, sCRT and microfied Propolis were also tested and the value of super oxide anion were 0.62, 0.84, 1.50 and 2.55 × 10 −5 mmol/ml, respectively. In this report, we discussed the direct method for measuring the generated super oxide anion of macrophages, especially from different constitution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overall Estimation of Anti-Oxidant Activity by Mammal Macrophage

Yamaguchi¹,

Kawada²,

Jia³

et al. 2014

OJRA

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Pneumonia in the surgical patient

Polk

Heinzelman

Mercer-Jones

et al. 1997

Current Problems in Surgery

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Bi-Directional Regulation by Chinese Herbal Formulae to Host and Parasite for Multi-Drug Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in Humans and Rodents

Yamaguchi¹,

Ueyama²,

Amat

et al. 2015

OJI

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A decline in the immunopotential of the host plays acritical factor(s) in the occurrence of infections with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) or microorganisms by opportunistic infection. In such an infection, no way out for therapeutic concept, therefore bi-directional trial was the final choice. So we selected aformula, Dang Gui Liu Huang Tang (dLHT), which could both augmentimmune factorsin host and exert bacteriostatic effect. We sought to break through the epidemic by MRSA especially in elderly patient, by the fundamental and clinical trial by employing minor TCM, characterizing bidirectional ability of the decoction by western methods. Animal Experiment: Mitomycin-C (MMC)-treated mice with or without the infection of MRSA were made. The experimental design was made up to examine the bacteriostatic action as well as the immunopotentiating bias of the promising Chinese herbal medicine, dLHT, which was first proved for its immune potentiating activities as well as their sensitivity to antibiotics, but not direct aseptic effect was clear for MRSA. Both basic and clinical data showed that this formula was effective on re-N. Yamaguchi et al. 19 pelling from the infectious focus after the treatment of MRSA infection. After the administration of dLHT, the number of white blood cells in MMC-treated mice recovered to 80% of the normal level. In addition, the phagocytic activity of macrophages increased to 70% in the dLHT-treated group, while that of the non-treated group was only 20%. The bactericidal activity also recovered to the level close to the normal value by dLHT. The ratio of neutrophils in the dLHT-administered group increased to 2.2% (normal mice, 2.6%), whereas that in the non-terated group was only 0.5%. The bacterial count in the liver of MRSA-challenged mice reached the peak at six hours after the challenge in both dLHT-treated and non-treated mice. However, the number of bacteria in dLHT group was much greater than that in the non-treated group. The bacterial count in the blood showed an increase 12 and 24 hours after the challenge. Even 24 hours after the challenge, a significant number of bacteria existed in the blood of dLHT-administered group, whereas only a small number of bacteria detectable 6 hours after the challenge and the number gradually decreased thereafter in the dLHT-administered group. MRSA-challenged MMC-treated mice were treated by dLHT, vancomycin, or dLHT and vancomycin. All of non-treated mice died 8 days after the MRSA challenge, whereas the survival rates were 60% after dLHT treatment, 40% after vancomycin treatment, and 80% after dLHT and vancomycin treatment. All of MMC-treated mice, to which the phagocytic cells prepared from MMC-treated mice with dLHT administration had adoptively been transferred, survived from MRSA challenge. On the other hand, the survival rate of MMC-treated mice, to which the lymphocytes prepared from the same mice had adoptively been transferred, was 40%. Clinical Trial: All cases with dLHT treatment showed negative culture results for...

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Phagocyte-pathogen in the infected host

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Overall Estimation of Anti-Oxidant Activity by Mammal Macrophage

Overall Estimation of Anti-Oxidant Activity by Mammal Macrophage

Pneumonia in the surgical patient

Bi-Directional Regulation by Chinese Herbal Formulae to Host and Parasite for Multi-Drug Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in Humans and Rodents

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Phagocyte-pathogen in the infected host

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Overall Estimation of Anti-Oxidant Activity by Mammal Macrophage

Overall Estimation of Anti-Oxidant Activity by Mammal Macrophage

Pneumonia in the surgical patient

Bi-Directional Regulation by Chinese Herbal Formulae to Host and Parasite for Multi-Drug Resistant &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/i&gt; in Humans and Rodents

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Bi-Directional Regulation by Chinese Herbal Formulae to Host and Parasite for Multi-Drug Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in Humans and Rodents