PhageBox: An Open Source Digital Microfluidic Extension with Applications for Phage Discovery

Abstract

<p>This work introduces an <em>open-source</em> hardware and software expansion for digital microfluidics (DMF) devices that integrates programmatic temperature and magnetic control. Our aim was to create a versatile, modular, extension that may aid in biomedical applications and has proven potential for use in bacteriophage research. To achieve this, we developed an <em>accessible </em>DMF device extension called PhageBox.</p> <p>PhageBox incorporates temperature and magnetic control modules at the hardware level. At the software level, it is controlled by embedded software that includes a unique model for bio-protocol programming and a graphical user interface for visual feedback and operation of the device. We evaluated PhageBox's effectiveness in biomedical applications using functional testing and validated the temperature control using thermography, achieving a range of +/-0.2 Celsius. The electromagnets produced a magnetic force of 15 milliTesla, which precisely immobilized magnetic beads.</p> <p>Furthermore, we demonstrate the potential of PhageBox in bacteriophage research through three initial proof of principle protocols: <u>(1)</u> a universal framework for PCR, <u>(2)</u> T7 bacteriophage restriction enzyme digestion, and <u>(3)</u> the concentration of PhiX174 RF genomic DNA. Overall, our study presents an open-source solution for DMF devices to integrate temperature regulation and magnetism, facilitating various applications in biomedical research and bacteriophage studies.</p> <p>(<strong>GitHub:</strong> <a href="https://github.com/Dreycey/PhageBox" target="_blank">https://github.com/Dreycey/PhageBox</a>)</p>