Phage ϕC2 Mediates Transduction of Tn
            <i>6215</i>
            , Encoding Erythromycin Resistance, between Clostridium difficile Strains

Goh, Shan; Hussain, Haitham; Chang, Barbara J.; Emmett, Warren; Riley, Thomas V.; Mullany, Peter

doi:10.1128/mbio.00840-13

Cited by 85 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…1,8,9 In this study, SNPs occurring in the region containing the transposon and flanking its integration sites were used to distinguish the genomes of the progeny and those of the recipient and donor strains. The SNPs comparative analysis demonstrated that large genomic fragments containing the transposons from the donors have substituted, likely by homologous recombination events, the respective orthologous chromosomal segments in the recipients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transfer of this element has been shown to be mediated by a bacteriophage, even if its conjugation-like transfer has also been observed. 8 The aim of this study was to investigate the transfer mechanisms of the Tn5398 from C. difficile 630, the Tn6194-like element from C. difficile CII7, and the Tn6215-like element from C. difficile F17. Two different non-toxigenic MLS B -susceptible strains of C. difficile, CD37 and CD13, were used as recipient strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integration oferm(B)-containing elements through large chromosome fragment exchange inClostridium difficile

Wasels

Spigaglia

Barbanti

et al. 2015

Mobile Genetic Elements

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In Clostridium difficile, erm(B) genes are located on mobile elements like Tn5398 and Tn6215. In previous studies, some of these elements were transferred by conjugation-like mechanisms, mobilized in trans by helper conjugative systems. In this study, we analyzed the genomes of several recipient strains that acquired either Tn5398 or Tn6215-like elements. We demonstrated that the integration of the transposons in the genome of the recipient cell was always due to homologous recombination events, involving exchange of large chromosomal segments. We did not observed transposon transfer to a C. difficile strain in presence of DNAse, suggesting that a possible transformation-like mechanism occurred in this recipient.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration oferm(B)-containing elements through large chromosome fragment exchange inClostridium difficile

Wasels

Spigaglia

Barbanti

et al. 2015

Mobile Genetic Elements

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“…Dissemination of these elements and their accessory genes by lateral transfer has significantly contributed to the genetic diversity seen in C. difficile and possibly contributed to the success of C. difficile as an opportunistic pathogen (52,73,112,114,115).…”

Section: Transposable Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tn5398, first described in 1995, contains two copies of erm(B), which encodes a 23S rRNA methylase conferring the MLS (macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B) phenotype, the most common resistance type in C. difficile (112,121). Tn6215 also carrying erm(B) was reported to be transferred between C. difficile strains by bacteriophage-mediated transduction (115). Tn6218 is a stably integrated transposon with a number of described variants occupying different PaLoc-independent chromosome locations in different RTs (107).…”

Section: Transposable Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and Evolution in the Genome of Clostridium difficile

et al. 2015

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SUMMARY Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of antimicrobial and health care-associated diarrhea in humans, presenting a significant burden to global health care systems. In the last 2 decades, PCR- and sequence-based techniques, particularly whole-genome sequencing (WGS), have significantly furthered our knowledge of the genetic diversity, evolution, epidemiology, and pathogenicity of this once enigmatic pathogen. C. difficile is taxonomically distinct from many other well-known clostridia, with a diverse population structure comprising hundreds of strain types spread across at least 6 phylogenetic clades. The C. difficile species is defined by a large diverse pangenome with extreme levels of evolutionary plasticity that has been shaped over long time periods by gene flux and recombination, often between divergent lineages. These evolutionary events are in response to environmental and anthropogenic activities and have led to the rapid emergence and worldwide dissemination of virulent clonal lineages. Moreover, genome analysis of large clinically relevant data sets has improved our understanding of CDI outbreaks, transmission, and recurrence. The epidemiology of CDI has changed dramatically over the last 15 years, and CDI may have a foodborne or zoonotic etiology. The WGS era promises to continue to redefine our view of this significant pathogen.

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“…There has been some evidence that prophages are involved in regulation of toxin production, possibly via quorum sensing loci (Goh, 2005;Sekulovic et al, 2011), but they do not carry virulence genes. They can be involved in the transduction of other elements, as phiC2 is with the ermB-carrying Tn6215 (Goh et al, 2013). …”

Section: Accepted Manuscript 12 or Antibiotic Resistamentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium difficile infection: Evolution, phylogeny and molecular epidemiology

Elliott

Androga

Knight

et al. 2017

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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Over the recent decades, Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has emerged as a global public health threat. Despite growing attention, C. difficile remains a poorly understood pathogen, however, the exquisite sensitivity offered by next generation sequencing (NGS) technology has enabled analysis of the genome of C. difficile, giving us access to massive genomic data on factors such as virulence, evolution, and genetic relatedness within C. difficile groups. NGS has also demonstrated excellence in investigations of outbreaks and disease transmission, in both small and large-scale applications. This review summarizes the molecular epidemiology, evolution, and phylogeny of C. difficile, one of the most important pathogens worldwide in the current antibiotic resistance era.

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Phage ϕC2 Mediates Transduction of Tn 6215 , Encoding Erythromycin Resistance, between Clostridium difficile Strains

Cited by 85 publications

References 58 publications

Integration oferm(B)-containing elements through large chromosome fragment exchange inClostridium difficile

Integration oferm(B)-containing elements through large chromosome fragment exchange inClostridium difficile

Diversity and Evolution in the Genome of Clostridium difficile

Clostridium difficile infection: Evolution, phylogeny and molecular epidemiology

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