Phage-mediated horizontal transfer of a Staphylococcus aureus virulence-associated genomic island

Moon, Byung Seok; Park, Joo Youn; Hwang, Sun Young; Robinson, D. Ashley; Thomas, Jonathan C.; Fitzgerald, J. Ross; Park, Taesung; Seo, Keun Seok

doi:10.1038/srep09784

Cited by 53 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Among them, pore-forming toxins seem to play a pivotal role in the characteristic skin infections (Abouelkhair et al, 2018;Maali et al, 2018). Because many of these virulence factors are encoded in mobile genetic elements (MGE) with extensive variation in gene content, different strains strongly vary in their virulence arsenal (Otto, 2014;Moon et al, 2015).…”

Section: Antimicrobial Resistance Increase and The Interconnectednessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underrated Staphylococcus species and their role in antimicrobial resistance spreading

2020

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The increasing threat of antimicrobial resistance has shed light on the interconnection between humans, animals, the environment, and their roles in the exchange and spreading of resistance genes. In this review, we present evidences that show that Staphylococcus species, usually referred to as harmless or opportunistic pathogens, represent a threat to human and animal health for acting as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes. The capacity of genetic exchange between isolates of different sources and species of the Staphylococcus genus is discussed with emphasis on mobile genetic elements, the contribution of biofilm formation, and evidences obtained either experimentally or through genome analyses. We also discuss the involvement of CRISPR-Cas systems in the limitation of horizontal gene transfer and its suitability as a molecular clock to describe the history of genetic exchange between staphylococci.Given the increasing recognition of the importance of previously overlooked Staphylococcus species, the goal of this review was to present evidences that put these bacteria in the front row of resistance dissemination and highlight their potential threat to human and animal health.

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Section: Antimicrobial Resistance Increase and The Interconnectednessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underrated Staphylococcus species and their role in antimicrobial resistance spreading

2020

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“…Viruses act in concert with their microbial hosts as a single ecological community [18]. Viruses influence their living microbial host communities through processes including lysis, host gene expression modulation [19], influence on evolutionary processes such as horizontal gene transfer [22] or antagonistic co-evolution [26], and alteration of ecosystem processes and elemental stoichiometry [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeography & environmental conditions shape bacteriophage-bacteria networks across the human microbiome

Hannigan

Duhaime

Koutra

et al. 2017

Preprint

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19Viruses and bacteria are critical components of the human microbiome and play important roles in health and 20 disease. Most previous work has relied on studying bacteria and viruses independently, thereby reducing 21 them to two separate communities. Such approaches are unable to capture how these microbial communities 22 interact, such as through processes that maintain community robustness or allow phage-host populations 23 to co-evolve. We implemented a network-based analytical approach to describe phage-bacteria network 24 diversity throughout the human body. We built these community networks using a machine learning algorithm 25 to predict which phages could infect which bacteria in a given microbiome. Our algorithm was applied to 26 paired viral and bacterial metagenomic sequence sets from three previously published human cohorts. We 27 organized the predicted interactions into networks that allowed us to evaluate phage-bacteria connectedness 28 across the human body. We observed evidence that gut and skin network structures were person-specific 29 and not conserved among cohabitating family members. High-fat diets appeared to be associated with 30 less connected networks. Network structure differed between skin sites, with those exposed to the external Author Summary 37The human microbiome, the collection of microbial communities that colonize the human body, is a crucial 38 component to health and disease. Two major components to the human microbiome are the bacterial and 39 viral communities. These communities have primarily been studied separately using metrics of community 40 composition and diversity. These approaches have failed to capture the complex dynamics of interacting 41 bacteria and phage communities, which frequently share genetic information and work together to maintain 42 ecosystem homestatsis (e.g. kill-the-winner dynamics). Removal of bacteria or phage can disrupt or even 43 collapse those ecosystems. Relationship-based network approaches allow us to capture this interaction 44 information. Using this network-based approach with three independent human cohorts, we were able to 45 present an initial understanding of how phage-bacteria networks differ throughout the human body, so as to 46 provide a baseline for future studies of how and why microbiome networks differ in disease states.

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“…Temporally separated bovine skin and mammary isolates were tested for the presence of the egc, and there was clear shift evident. Isolates from 16 different Washington state farms from 1985 to 2001 (n = 207) showed 102/207 (49.3%) were positive for the egc, while isolates from 8 different Ohio farms from 2010-2013 (n = 53) showed 52/53 (98.1%) were positive for the egc [124]. This indicates the egc is emerging as a major factor in S. aureus virulence and may be beneficial for colonization by bovine isolates.…”

Section: Implications Of the Emergence Of The Enterotoxin Gene Clustementioning

confidence: 97%

“…There has been little to no direct study of the emergence of the egc in S. aureus. Recent studies using animal strains demonstrate that there is a shift in virulence coinciding with the emergence of the egc [124]. Temporally separated bovine skin and mammary isolates were tested for the presence of the egc, and there was clear shift evident.…”

Section: Implications Of the Emergence Of The Enterotoxin Gene Clustementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The egc is a segment of a larger cluster which may have mobilized and become established due to these and other selective pressures. Recent studies examining the egc in bovine isolates elucidated that the cluster may have been mobilized by a multistep phage integration process [124]. The phages mobilized from the bovine S. aureus strain were able to infect and integrate into human S. aureus isolates, demonstrating that this is a plausible sequence of events for establishment of the egc [124].…”

Section: Implications Of the Emergence Of The Enterotoxin Gene Clustementioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterizing the role of the enterotoxin gene cluster in Staphylococcus aureus diseases

Stach¹

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First and foremost, I would like to thank Dr. Patrick Schlievert for being an amazing mentor. He has provided exceptional mentoring and guidance throughout my time in his lab. He has taught me how to think, write, and speak like a scientist. He has also taught me to follow my instincts if I believe in my work even in the face of overwhelming opposition. Mentoring takes a considerable amount of time and patience and I am deeply grateful to Pat for all of his help. I would like to thank Dr. Wilmara Salgado-Pabón. Her seemingly endless enthusiasm was contagious and made even the toughest days in lab seem great. She has been an amazing co-mentor and watching Wilmara progress from post-doc to assistant professor has been an invaluable experience that has informed me on the process of obtaining an academic position. I would also like to thank my labmates Bao Vu, Alfa Herrera, and Joseph Merriman. They were always helpful and created a great environment that made me happy to come to lab everyday. Thank you to my mother, father, and brother. They have been an infinite source of love and support throughout my life and graduate career. Lastly, I would like to thank my fiancé Dr. Jessica Marie King. She is an inspiration and I am forever grateful for her love and support during my Ph.D.

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Phage-mediated horizontal transfer of a Staphylococcus aureus virulence-associated genomic island

Cited by 53 publications

References 23 publications

Underrated Staphylococcus species and their role in antimicrobial resistance spreading

Underrated Staphylococcus species and their role in antimicrobial resistance spreading

Biogeography & environmental conditions shape bacteriophage-bacteria networks across the human microbiome

Characterizing the role of the enterotoxin gene cluster in Staphylococcus aureus diseases

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