Phage display and its application in vaccine design

Abstract

This review focuses on phage display and its application in vaccine design. Four kinds of phage display systems and their characteristics are highlighted. Whole phage particles can be used to deliver vaccines by fusing immunogenic peptides to modified coat proteins (phagedisplay vaccination), or by incorporating a eukaryotic promoter-driven vaccine gene within the phage genome (phage DNA vaccination). Hybrid phage vaccination results from a combination of phage-display and phage DNA vaccination strategies, indicating the potential for evolution of phage vaccines. Phage vaccines could provide a key to unlock new approaches in combating bacterial and viral pathogens, and cancer diseases. New phage display systems will certainly emerge because of the global abundance of phage and our increasing ability to exploit them. The scope of phage display applications will continue to expand. Over the ensuing period, research should be directed toward a better understanding of the immunization mechanisms involved in phage-mediated immunization, and the development of hybrid phage vaccination.

Cancer immunotherapy by a recombinant phage vaccine displaying EGFR mimotope: anin vivostudy

“…Bacteriophages can be used as efficient antigen delivery systems capable of stimulating strong cellular and humoral responses 21,22 . As antigen carriers, they could easily be produced in high titers, their production is cost effective and they obviate the need for co-administration of adjuvants [21][22][23] .…”

“…As antigen carriers, they could easily be produced in high titers, their production is cost effective and they obviate the need for co-administration of adjuvants [21][22][23] .…”

Bacteriophage-based tools: recent advances and novel applications

“…Since phage display was first described in 1985 by Smith 22 , it has seen numerous applications in the identification of receptor and ligand interactions of infectious diseases and cancers 23, 24 , with these developments allowing for drug discovery 25 and vaccine design 26 . Phage display is now allowing the modification of phages into vehicles (nanocarriers) for chemotherapeutic drug delivery by the attachment of a drug to the phage surface and presentation of peptides on the surface of that phage with specificity to a ligand of interest.…”

The prospects and challenges of universal vaccines for influenza

“…T7 bacteriophage nanoparticles are another attractive delivery system that has been studied for the delivery of viral, bacterial and cancer vaccines [67]. M2e protein induced immune responses that are comparable to those seen with an adjuvanted-M2e peptide vaccine in mice [51].…”