Phaeoacremonium species detected in fine needle aspiration: a rare case report

Abstract

Background Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) with rapid on-site evaluation has a great potential for the diagnosis of fungal lesions and other opportunistic infections. Fungal infections have been in increasing trend in the past two decades due to immunosuppression, travel, and environmental exposure. Human disease caused by Phaeoacremonium species is rare and was first reported in 1974 as subcutaneous tissue infection in a renal transplant recipient. Case presentation We report a case of subcutaneous tissue swelling in a 67-year-old male, wherein FNAC was done with incidental detection of the fungus (Phaeoacremonium spp). Conclusion There are very few reported cases of subcutaneous infection in humans by Phaeoacremonium spp. Clinical suspicion and FNAC can play an important role in early detection of the fungus, prevent spread, and facilitating early treatment.

Fungal infection mimicking soft tissue lesion: Role of on‐site evaluation, special stain, and cellblock

“…ROSE can help increase the advantages of FNA by providing a provisional diagnosis, collecting samples for further testing in the same sitting, and increasing patient compliance. 3,4 Cytology in the fungal lesion can have a diverse presentation ranging from granulomas with necrosis, ill-formed granulomas, epithelioid-like cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, multinucleated giant cells, nuclear debris, Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon, spores, pseudohyphae, and crystals. The limitation of FNA in fungal lesions would be the identification of the invasive potential of fungus, which can be overcome by the cell block with adequate sample.…”

“…FNA cytology with ROSE is of important value for the diagnosis of fungal lesions and other opportunistic infections. 3,4 Fungal infection resulting from Candida species is more prevalent in F I G U R E 1 (A) Two swellings in right lateral arm in subcutaneous soft tissue region just above the olecranon fossa. (B) The X-ray arm AP/LAT view are unremarkable.…”

“…The limitation of FNA in fungal lesions would be the identification of the invasive potential of fungus, which can be overcome by the cell block with adequate sample. 1,3,8,[10][11][12] Histopathologic examination remains one of the major diagnostic tools in mycology because it permits rapid, definitive identification of fungal infections. Histopathologic and/or cytopathologic examination can also provide insight into the diagnostic significance of some culture isolates.…”

“…1 Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) with rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) can be a valuable adjunct for the identification of fungal inflammatory lesions and the aspirate can be further used for special stains, culture, and molecular testing. 3…”

Rapid onsite evaluation in cytomorphology of Hydatidosis: A useful adjunct to diagnosis

“…The parasitic tapeworm can produce cysts almost in any organ of the body; however, lungs and liver are the most common targeted organs [2] . Fine needle aspiration and ROSE can be a cost-effective technique for early diagnosis and triage of sample [3] , [4] . We report a case of 45-year female with cystic lesion in liver, wherein ROSE was helpful in the diagnosis.…”