Reply: The finding that an antipsychotic medication with strong a-antagonist properties may have caused IFIS is most interesting. Now that this syndrome of IFIS has been defined, it will be interesting to see to what extent a-antagonists besides tamsulosin are associated with this syndrome. The technique of direct intracameral injection of phenylephrine certainly deserves further study.dDavid F. Chang, MD, John R. Campbell, MD
Alpha antagonists in cataract surgeryAlpha blockers (also known as a-adrenergic blockers or a-adrenergic antagonists) are used primarily in the treatment of systemic hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia. They block the effects of stress hormones that lead to an increase in heart rate and blood pressure. Alpha receptor blockade in hyperplastic prostatic tissue, prostatic capsule, and bladder neck decreases smooth muscle tone, thereby decreasing resistance to urinary flow and improving symptoms.Concern about the use of these medications, especially tamsulosin (Flomax), has been linked to causing the intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS). 1 We wondered whether all a-antagonists might be a cause of intraoperative difficulties. To assess the risk in a typical unselected population having phacoemulsification cataract surgery, we prospectively investigated 100 consecutive patients to assess the prevalence of the use of a-antagonists and the possible relationship to perioperative problems.Our results showed that 29 patients (29%) were on a-antagonists: doxazosin, 11 patients; indoramin, 8; prazosin, 5; terazosin, 2; tamsulosin, 3; no patient was taking alfuzosin. Of these patients, 68% were women. No patient had bilateral surgery. The patients on a-antagonists had been on the medication for at least 1 month.Only 1 patient had a perioperative problemda constricted pupil. No patient had IFIS. None of the 3 patients on Flomax had perioperative problems.Patients who have cataract surgery are typically elderly and will usually be on some form of medication. It is important to appreciate that these can cause interactions that may affect the surgery. However, while a-antagonists are widely prescribed in the population having cataract surgery, our pilot study did not show a significant link between these drugs and perioperative problems. In particular, taking Flomax does not always result in IFIS. The exact risk remains to be defined. BINA PARMAR, MRCOPHTH DANIA QATARNEH, MBBS CHARLES CLAOUÉ, MD, FRCS, FRCOPHTH Romford, United Kingdom REFERENCE 1. Chang DF, Campbell JR. Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome associated with tamsulosin. J Cataract Refract Surg 2005; 31:664-673Reply: The prospective study by Parmar and coauthors is interesting in that it showed little evidence of IFIS in 29 patients on systemic a-blockers, including 3 on tamsulosin. This is consistent with the retrospective study reported in our paper, in which IFIS was not recorded in 11 patients taking systemic prazosin, terazosin, or doxazosin and was not always noted in patients on tamsulosin. However, we are aware of several ...