Phacidiaceae endophytes ofPicea rubensin Eastern Canada

Tanney, Joey B.; Seifert, Keith A.

doi:10.1139/cjb-2018-0061

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 90 publications

(134 reference statements)

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“…Endophytes across diverse lineages including Botryosphaeriales ( Tanney & Seifert 2019 ), Diaporthales ( Tanney et al. 2016b ), Phacidiales ( Tanney & Seifert 2018 ), Pleosporales ( Richardson et al. 2015 ), Rhytismatales ( McMullin et al., 2017 , Tanney and Seifert, 2017 , McMullin et al., 2019 ), Xylariales ( Richardson et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mollisiaceae: An overlooked lineage of diverse endophytes

Tanney

Seifert

2020

Studies in Mycology

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Mollisia is a taxonomically neglected discomycete genus ( Helotiales, Leotiomycetes ) of commonly encountered saprotrophs on decaying plant tissues throughout temperate regions. The combination of indistinct morphological characters, more than 700 names in the literature, and lack of reference DNA sequences presents a major challenge when working with Mollisia . Unidentified endophytes, including strains that produced antifungal or antiinsectan secondary metabolites, were isolated from conifer needles in New Brunswick and placed with uncertainty in Phialocephala and Mollisia , necessitating a more comprehensive treatment of these genera. In this study, morphology and multigene phylogenetic analyses were used to explore the taxonomy of Mollisiaceae , including Mollisia , Phialocephala , and related genera, using new field collections, herbarium specimens, and accessioned cultures and sequences. The phylogeny of Mollisiaceae was reconstructed and compared using the nuc internal transcribed spacer rDNA (ITS) barcode and partial sequences of the 28S nuc rDNA (LSU) gene, largest subunit of RNA polymerase II ( RPB1 ), DNA topoisomerase I ( TOP1 ), and the hypothetical protein Lipin/Ned1/Smp2 ( LNS2 ). The results show that endophytism is common throughout the Mollisiaceae lineage in a diverse range of hosts but is infrequently attributed to Mollisia because of a paucity of reference sequences. Generic boundaries within Mollisiaceae are poorly resolved and based on phylogenetic evidence the family included species placed in Acephala , Acidomelania , Barrenia , Bispora , Cheirospora , Cystodendron , Fuscosclera , Hysteronaevia, Loramyces, Mollisia, Neopyrenopeziza , Obtectodiscus, Ombrophila, Patellariopsis , Phialocephala , Pulvinata , Tapesia (= Mollisia ), and Trimmatostroma. Taxonomic novelties included the description of five novel Mollisia species and five novel Phialocephala species and the synonymy of Fuscosclera with Phialocephala , Acidomelania with Mollisia , and Loramycetaceae with Mollisiaceae .

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mollisiaceae: An overlooked lineage of diverse endophytes

Tanney

Seifert

2020

Studies in Mycology

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“…Interspecific and intraspecific variation of ITS sequences is often low for some species. Phacidium fennicum differs from P. lacerum by two base pairs while others share identical ITS sequences but are morphologically distinct (Crous et al 2014;Tanney and Seifert 2018). Therefore, use of ITS sequences together with morphology and at least a protein coding gene should be emphasized (Pryor and Michailides 2002;Schubert et al 2007;Samson et al 2014;Robbertse et al 2017;Bensch et al 2018).…”

Section: Teleomorphic Ascomycetes Described Based On Only Internal Tr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting global numbers of teleomorphic ascomycetes

et al. 2022

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Sexual reproduction is the basic way to form high genetic diversity and it is beneficial in evolution and speciation of fungi. The global diversity of teleomorphic species in Ascomycota has not been estimated. This paper estimates the species number for sexual ascomycetes based on five different estimation approaches, viz. by numbers of described fungi, by fungus:substrate ratio, by ecological distribution, by meta-DNA barcoding or culture-independent studies and by previous estimates of species in Ascomycota. The assumptions were made with the currently most accepted, “2.2–3.8 million” species estimate and results of previous studies concluding that 90% of the described ascomycetes reproduce sexually. The Catalogue of Life, Species Fungorum and published research were used for data procurement. The average value of teleomorphic species in Ascomycota from all methods is 1.86 million, ranging from 1.37 to 2.56 million. However, only around 83,000 teleomorphic species have been described in Ascomycota and deposited in data repositories. The ratio between described teleomorphic ascomycetes to predicted teleomorphic ascomycetes is 1:22. Therefore, where are the undiscovered teleomorphic ascomycetes? The undescribed species are no doubt to be found in biodiversity hot spots, poorly-studied areas and species complexes. Other poorly studied niches include extremophiles, lichenicolous fungi, human pathogens, marine fungi, and fungicolous fungi. Undescribed species are present in unexamined collections in specimen repositories or incompletely described earlier species. Nomenclatural issues, such as the use of separate names for teleomorph and anamorphs, synonyms, conspecific names, illegitimate and invalid names also affect the number of described species. Interspecies introgression results in new species, while species numbers are reduced by extinctions.

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“…According to Crous et al (2014) and Tanney and Seifert (2018), pine needles are colonized mainly by P. fennicum and P. lacerum. The sequence of our isolate obtained from needles differed from the sequence of these two species by 2 bp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Problems, Limitations, and Challenges in Species Identification of Ascomycota Members on the Basis of ITS Regions

Baturo‐Cieśniewska¹,

Pusz²,

Patejuk³

2020

Acta Mycol

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The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region is regarded as a formal fungal primary barcode with a high probability of the correct identification for a broad group of fungi. ITS sequences have been widely used to determine many fungal species and analysis of rDNA ITS is still one of the most popular tools used in mycology. However, this region is not equally variable in all groups of fungi; therefore, identification may be problematic and result in ambiguous data, especially in some species-rich genera of Ascomycota. For these reasons, identification based on rDNA ITS is usually complemented by morphological observations and analysis of additional genes. Reliable species identification of Ascomycota members is essential in diagnosing plant diseases, verifying air quality and the effectiveness of agronomic practices, or analyzing relationships between microorganisms. Therefore, the present study aimed to verify, using specific examples, the extent to which ITS sequence analysis is useful in species identification of pathogens and saprobionts from Ascomycota and demonstrate problems related to such identification in practice. We analyzed 105 ITS sequences of isolates originating from air and plant material. Basic local alignment search tool (BLASTn) significantly contributed to the reliable species identification of nearly 80% of isolates such as Arthrinium arundinis, Beauveria bassiana, Boeremia exigua, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Epicoccum nigrum, Nigrospora oryzae, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, or Sordaria fimicola and members of the genera Alternaria and Trichoderma. However, for most isolates, additional morphological observations, information regarding the isolate origin and, where possible, a PCR with species-specific primers were helpful and complementary. Using our practical approach, we determined that ITS-based species identification and comparative analysis with GenBank sequences significantly helps identifying Ascomycota members. However, in many cases, this should be regarded as suggestive of a taxon because the data usually require the use of additional tools to verify the results of such analysis.

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Phacidiaceae endophytes ofPicea rubensin Eastern Canada

Cited by 11 publications

References 90 publications

Mollisiaceae: An overlooked lineage of diverse endophytes

Mollisiaceae: An overlooked lineage of diverse endophytes

Predicting global numbers of teleomorphic ascomycetes

Problems, Limitations, and Challenges in Species Identification of Ascomycota Members on the Basis of ITS Regions

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