pH-temperature-nutrient relationships in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean

A sensor package for mapping pH and oxygen from mobile platforms

“…Furthermore, such techniques could also be used in a -prospecting‖ sense-that is, to determine optimal mooring sites prior to long-term static sensor deployments. There have been numerous attempts to characterize the temporal variability of inorganic carbon chemistry using moored autonomous sensors (Frieder et al, 2012;Gray et al, 2012;Gray et al, 2011;Harris et al, 2013;Hofmann et al, 2011;Kapsenberg et al, 2015;Martz et al, 2014;Martz et al, 2009;Price et al, 2012;Yu et al, 2011) and countless spatial surveys of upper ocean carbon dynamics (e.g., Alin et al, 2012;Crosswell et al, 2012;Evans et al, 2013;Evans et al, 2012;Feely et al, 2001;Feely et al, 1998;Manzello et al, 2012;Rérolle et al, 2014;Takahashi et al, 2014;Takahashi et al, 2009;Zhang and Fischer, 2014;Zirino et al, 1986)), but few tools exist to continuously measure near-shore spatial carbon variability. High-quality, autonomous, in situ inorganic carbon sensors tend to be bulky, heavy, and not designed for mobile applications.…”

pH-density relationships in seawater

“…In many areas, the pH and pCO 2 of surface waters tend to show the same features as temperature and pigment (Zirino et al, 1986;Fuhrmann and Zirino, 1988;Watson et al, 1991, Zirino et al, 1997. Indeed, they are often linearly related, despite the fact that the pH contains both physical and biological information.…”

“…En diversas áreas del mundo el pH y la pCO 2 de aguas superficiales tienden a mostrar la misma estructura que la temperatura y los pigmentos (Zirino et al, 1986;Fuhrmann y Zirino, 1988;Watson et al, 1991, Zirino et al, 1997. En realidad estas variables frecuentemente están relacionadas linealmente, no obstante que el pH contiene información física y química.…”

“…El primer caso, donde el pH se correlaciona con la temperatura, se puede explicar de la siguiente manera: en ausencia de procesos biológicos, el valor del pH del océano llega a ser de 8.10 ± 0.02 (en la escala de protones totales), independientemente de la temperatura (Zirino et al, 1986). Este es el pH obtenido cuando el dióxido de carbono, en forma de gas como ácido carbónico, y los iones carbonato o bicarbonato alcanzan el equilibrio con el CO 2 atmosférico.…”

“…The first case, where pH follows temperature, can be explained as follows: in the absence of biological processes, the pH of ocean water will be about 8.10 ± 0.02 (total hydrogen scale) irrespective of temperature (Zirino et al, 1986). This is the value attained when carbon dioxide gas, carbonic acid, bicarbonate and carbonate ions in the water reach equilibrium with atmospheric CO 2 .…”