pH dependence on the hemolysis induced by anionic surfactants

Rubert, David Garcia i; Mitjans, Montserrat; Vinardell, M. Pilar

doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.03.458

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“…Interestingly, the hemolytic effect of anionic Gemini surfactants (Figure S1) is practically negligible (∼2%) in contrast to the conventional anionic surfactants of longer hydrocarbon chains such as STS and SHS (Figure 2). 38,39 The resence of double hydrocarbon chains does not induce any noticeable hemolysis, and the results are presented in Figure 4a. Figure 4b shows a quite low percent hemolysis of D8HD, D10HD, and D12HD (sample photos are shown in Figure S14) in comparison to that of SDS.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Avoiding Hemolytic Anemia by Understanding the Effect of the Molecular Architecture of Gemini Surfactants on Hemolysis

Agarwal

Gupta²,

Bhardwaj

et al. 2021

Langmuir

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Hemolytic behavior of a series of different categories of Gemini surfactants was determined in their low concentration range. Cationic Gemini surfactants of different molecular architectures prove to be highly cytotoxic even at 0.1 mM. Anionic and amino acid-based Gemini surfactants were minimally cytotoxic, although their toxicity was concentration-dependent. With respect to monomeric surfactants of comparable hydrocarbon chain lengths, cationic Gemini surfactants were much more toxic than anionic Gemini surfactants. Incubation temperature was another important parameter that significantly drove the hemolysis irrespective of the molecular structure of the surfactant. Results indicated that the surface activity or liquid−blood cell membrane adsorption tendency of a surfactant molecule determined the degree of hemolytic anemia. Greater surface activity induced greater cytotoxicity, especially when the surfactant possessed a stronger ability to interact with the membrane proteins through hydrophilic interactions. That provided cationic Gemini surfactants a higher ability for hemolytic anemia because they were able to interact with an electronegative cell membrane with favorable interactions in comparison to anionic or amino acid-based Gemini surfactants. These findings are expected to help in designing surface-active drugs with a suitable molecular architecture that can avoid hemolytic anemia.

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Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 91%