PGR Evaluation of Novel Synthesized Five and Six Membered Cyclic Imides

Abstract

A huge number of cyclic imides have been designed, developed due to their various effective properties. By considering all elevated applications, it was scheduled to design and synthesize the novel class of N-phenyl succinimides and N-phenyl glutarimides. In this article some of the appealing and significant schemes for the making of cyclic imides are epitomized. The five/six membered cyclic imides were synthesized by reacting succinic / glutaric anhydride with different substituted aromatic amines to get 1-(N-methylpyridin-2-yl) pyrrolidine-2, 5/6-dione. During this synthetic route acetyl chloride and water are used as solvent in traditional and green pathways respectively. The beauty of greener exercise helps to replace hazardous solvent acetyl chloride by water. All synthesized compounds were tested as plant growth regulator against maize (Rajeshwar), moong (PKVM-8802). Keywords: Glutaric anhydride, Green pathway, PGR, Succinic anhydride, Traditional pathway I. INTRODUCTIONAs the Green Chemistry movement has gained momentum [1], definitions of Green Chemistry [2-5] have been dominated predominantly. Green Chemistry concepts, however, apply to an incredible diversity of scientific endeavour, which has invariably led to differences between academia and industry. Speaking primarily about the pharmaceutical industry, they have been achieved lot of advances because of Green Chemistry [6]. Cyclic imides have been attracted much more attention of organic and medicinal chemists due to their biological activities. Most of them are extensively used as analgesic [7], anti-nociceptive agents [8] or as reactants for polymer synthesis [9]. An imide nucleus can also be found in a structure of anxiolytic, antimicrobial, anticancer and anti-inflammatory substances [10][11][12]. Cyclic imides comprising the most common heterocyclic elements like nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur plays a vital role in the development of pharmaceutical, medicinal, chemical and agricultural fields [13]. The substituted cyclic imides coumarins and atacoumarins confer significant antimicrobial and antifungal activities and pthalimide proven α-amylase enzymes inhibitory actions [14]. It has been observed that certain aromatic derivatives of succinimide enhance the growth of root of germinating seeds [15]. The different substituted six membered glutarimide derivatives are hydrophobic in nature which exhibits remarkable antibacterial and antifungal efficacy [16]. The anti-proliferative activity of NCI-DIP glutarimide derivatives and 3D QSAR study gives useful guidelines to design and synthesis of novel compounds. They can express significant potency towards differentiated human cells [17]. In this regard different substituted glutarimides were prepared from cyclic anhydrides [18]