PGPR and Earthworm-Assisted Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals

Sharma, Pooja; Bakshi, Palak; Kour, Jaspreet; Singh, Arun Dev; Dhiman, Shalini; Kumar, Pardeep; Ibrahim, Ibrahim; Sharma, Ashutosh; Mir, Bilal Ahmad; Bhardwaj, Renu

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-4522-1_14

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…Earthworms known as 'ecosystem engineers' are the main group of soil macroinvertebrates. They play a vital role in organic matter decomposition, nutrient cycling and ameliorion of soil conditions [173]. By secretion of some organic acid such as fulvic and humic acids through their gut microflora, earthworms contribute to decrease the pH of soil which enhances the nutrient and HMs bioavailability in rhizosphere [101,198].…”

Section: Earthworm-assisted Phytoremediationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoremediation: a sustainable environmental technology for heavy metals decontamination

Nedjimi

2021

SN Appl. Sci.

238

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Toxic metal contamination of soil is a major environmental hazard. Chemical methods for heavy metal's (HMs) decontamination such as heat treatment, electroremediation, soil replacement, precipitation and chemical leaching are generally very costly and not be applicable to agricultural lands. However, many strategies are being used to restore polluted environments. Among these, phytoremediation is a promising method based on the use of hyper-accumulator plant species that can tolerate high amounts of toxic HMs present in the environment/soil. Such a strategy uses green plants to remove, degrade, or detoxify toxic metals. Five types of phytoremediation technologies have often been employed for soil decontamination: phytostabilization, phytodegradation, rhizofiltration, phytoextraction and phytovolatilization. Traditional phytoremediation method presents some limitations regarding their applications at large scale, so the application of genetic engineering approaches such as transgenic transformation, nanoparticles addition and phytoremediation assisted with phytohormones, plant growth-promoting bacteria and AMF inoculation has been applied to ameliorate the efficacy of plants as candidates for HMs decontamination. In this review, aspects of HMs toxicity and their depollution procedures with focus on phytoremediation are discussed. Last, some recent innovative technologies for improving phytoremediation are highlighted.

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Section: Earthworm-assisted Phytoremediationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoremediation: a sustainable environmental technology for heavy metals decontamination

Nedjimi

2021

SN Appl. Sci.

238

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“…Earthworms have a positive impact on the growth of the plants ( Kaur et al, 2017 ; Mahohi and Raiesi, 2021 ), which is owed to signal molecules released in the soil possibly due to the activation of PGPR ( Elmer, 2009 ; Puga-Freitas et al, 2012 ). Humic acid and vermi-wash secreted by the earthworms are rich in nutrients, hormones, vitamins, and enzymes, which promote plant growth and development ( Varghese and Prabha, 2014 ; Sharma et al, 2020 ). Plant growth is improved indirectly by the earthworms through the stimulation of the defense system of the plant ( Blouin et al, 2005 ; Kaur et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amelioration of Chromium-Induced Oxidative Stress by Combined Treatment of Selected Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Earthworms via Modulating the Expression of Genes Related to Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism in Brassica juncea

et al. 2022

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Chromium (Cr) toxicity leads to the enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are extremely toxic to the plant and must be minimized to protect the plant from oxidative stress. The potential of plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and earthworms in plant growth and development has been extensively studied. The present study was aimed at investigating the effect of two PGPR (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia gladioli) along with earthworms (Eisenia fetida) on the antioxidant defense system in Brassica juncea seedlings under Cr stress. The Cr toxicity reduced the fresh and dry weights of seedlings, enhanced the levels of superoxide anion (O2•–), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and electrolyte leakage (EL), which lead to membrane as well as the nuclear damage and reduced cellular viability in B. juncea seedlings. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes, viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APOX), glutathione peroxidase (GPOX), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), and glutathione reductase (GR) were increased; however, a reduction was observed in the activity of catalase (CAT) in the seedlings under Cr stress. Inoculation of the PGPR and the addition of earthworms enhanced the activities of all other antioxidant enzymes except GPOX, in which a reduction of the activity was observed. For total lipid- and water-soluble antioxidants and the non-enzymatic antioxidants, viz., ascorbic acid and glutathione, an enhance accumulation was observed upon the inoculation with PGPR and earthworms. The supplementation of PGPR with earthworms (combined treatment) reduced both the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the MDA content by modulating the defense system of the plant. The histochemical studies also corroborated that the combined application of PGPR and earthworms reduced O2•–, H2O2, lipid peroxidation, and membrane and nuclear damage and improved cell viability. The expression of key antioxidant enzyme genes, viz., SOD, CAT, POD, APOX, GR, DHAR, and GST showed the upregulation of these genes at post-transcriptional level upon the combined treatment of the PGPR and earthworms, thereby corresponding to the improved plant biomass. However, a reduced expression of RBOH1 gene was noticed in seedlings supplemented under the effect of PGPR and earthworms grown under Cr stress. The results provided sufficient evidence regarding the role of PGPR and earthworms in the amelioration of Cr-induced oxidative stress in B. juncea.

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Heavy Metal Toxicity and Phytoremediation by the Plants of Brassicaceae Family: A Sustainable Management

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Tiru

Chakraborty

et al. 2022

Sustainable Management of Environmental Contaminants

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PGPR and Earthworm-Assisted Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals

Cited by 5 publications

References 108 publications

Phytoremediation: a sustainable environmental technology for heavy metals decontamination

Phytoremediation: a sustainable environmental technology for heavy metals decontamination

Amelioration of Chromium-Induced Oxidative Stress by Combined Treatment of Selected Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria and Earthworms via Modulating the Expression of Genes Related to Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism in Brassica juncea

Heavy Metal Toxicity and Phytoremediation by the Plants of Brassicaceae Family: A Sustainable Management

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