Pezizalean mycorrhizas and sporocarps in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) after prescribed fires in eastern Oregon, USA

Fujimura, Kei E.; Smith, Jane E.; Horton, Thomas R.; Weber, Nancy S.; Spatafora, J. W.

doi:10.1007/s00572-004-0303-8

Cited by 100 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Similarly, the mature forest fungal community in Point Reyes National Seashore, where the Mount Vision Fire occurred, was dominated by a larger and more diverse community than the ECM spore bank, which was dominated largely by species of Rhizopogon (Taylor and Bruns, 1999). Species of Wilcoxina were frequent seedling colonizers after the Rim Fire, and also frequent colonizers of P. muricata seedlings after the Mount Vision Fire (Baar et al, 1999), of P. contorta seedlings after the Huck fire in Wyoming (Miller et al, 1998) and of P. ponderosa seedlings after prescribed fires in Oregon (Fujimura et al, 2005). It therefore appears that, in the western USA, the main post-fire ECM fungi are drawn from the spore bank and belong to a predictable set of genera.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectomycorrhizal fungal spore bank recovery after a severe forest fire: some like it hot

et al. 2015

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After severe wildfires, pine recovery depends on ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal spores surviving and serving as partners for regenerating forest trees. We took advantage of a large, severe natural forest fire that burned our long-term study plots to test the response of ECM fungi to fire. We sampled the ECM spore bank using pine seedling bioassays and high-throughput sequencing before and after the California Rim Fire. We found that ECM spore bank fungi survived the fire and dominated the colonization of in situ and bioassay seedlings, but there were specific fire adapted fungi such as Rhizopogon olivaceotinctus that increased in abundance after the fire. The frequency of ECM fungal species colonizing pre-fire bioassay seedlings, post-fire bioassay seedlings and in situ seedlings were strongly positively correlated. However, fire reduced the ECM spore bank richness by eliminating some of the rare species, and the density of the spore bank was reduced as evidenced by a larger number of soil samples that yielded uncolonized seedlings. Our results show that although there is a reduction in ECM inoculum, the ECM spore bank community largely remains intact, even after a high-intensity fire. We used advanced techniques for data quality control with Illumina and found consistent results among varying methods. Furthermore, simple greenhouse bioassays can be used to determine which fungi will colonize after fires. Similar to plant seed banks, a specific suite of ruderal, spore bank fungi take advantage of open niche space after fires.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectomycorrhizal fungal spore bank recovery after a severe forest fire: some like it hot

et al. 2015

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“…Intraspecific polymorphisms of ITS sequence have been previously reported for many mycorrhizal fungi [20,30], including W. rehmii [16] and unidentified morphotype described as an E-strain [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycorrhizal associations of nursery grown Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings in Poland

2006

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-We investigated the species richness and composition of mycorrhizal fungi naturally colonizing one-and two-year-old Pinus sylvestris L. seedlings from four bare-root nurseries in Poland. We hypothesized that both edaphic factors and seedling age would affect ectomycorrhizal (ECM) community structure. We assessed the relative abundance of mycorrhizal morphotypes and distinguished ECM fungi present on root tips using RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) of the ITS (internal transcribed spacer) of fungal rDNA. Most of the RFLP types were identified by comparing RFLP patterns with reference data obtained from regional sporocarps and isolates of ectendomycorrhizal species. Samples of unidentified RFLP types and representatives of suilloid RFLP patterns were sequenced and compared with available sequences. Overall, we identified 13 fungal species, with species richness varying from two to eight species among nurseries. The dominant species in each examined nursery were Wilcoxina mikolae and Thelephora terrestris. Suilloid fungi were also abundant in most of the nurseries. S. variegatus was the most frequent suilloid species among the nurseries. Seedling age affected the relative abundance of ECM species to some extent. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a lack of apparent correlations between the relative abundances of species and edaphic factors. Factors that may contribute to the maintenance of ECM community structure are discussed.forest nursery / mycorrhiza / ITS-RFLP / Scots pine Résumé -Associations mycorhiziennes des semis de pin sylvestre (Pinus sylvestris L.) en pépinière en Pologne. Nous avons étudié la richesse spécifique et la composition des champignons mycorhiziens colonisant naturellement des semis de Pinus sylvestris L. âgés de un et deux ans dans quatre pépinières de production de plants à racines nues en Pologne. Nous avons fait l'hypothèse que ensemble les facteurs édaphiques et l'âge des semis affecteraient la structure de la communauté ectomycorhizienne (ECM). Nous avons déterminé l'abondance relative des morphotypes mycorhiziens et distingué les champignons ECM présents dans les pointes racinaires en utilisant RFLP de ITS de l'ADNr fongique. La plupart des types RFLP ont été identifiés en comparant les modèles RFLP avec des données de référence obtenues de sporocarpes régionaux et isolés d'espèces ectoendomycorhiziennes. Des échantillons de types RFLP non identifiés et de modèles représentatifs de suilloides RFLP ont été séquencés et comparés avec les séquences disponibles. Globalement, nous avons identifié 13 espèces fongiques, avec une richesse spécifique variant de deux à huit espèces parmi les pépinières. Dans chaque pépinière étudiée, les espèces dominantes étaient Wilcoxina mikolae et Thelephora terrestris. Les champignons suilloides étaient aussi abondants dans la plupart des pépinières. S. variegatus était l'espèce suilloide la plus fréquente parmi les pépinières. L'âge des semis affecte dans une certaine mesure l'abondance relative des espèces ECM. Une analy...

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“…Fruiting patterns of macromycetes often reveal a boost of ascomycetous taxa as an early response to forest fire (Baar et al 1999), however there is evidence that only a small part of these Ascomycota are mycorrhizal and those may even be less abundant on post-fire seedlings than on trees not affected by fire (Izzo et al 2006;Fujimura et al 2005); This coincides with our findings of very low richness and abundance of mycorrhizae ascribed to ascomycetes, mainly represented by a hymenoscyphus-like morphotype and Cenococcum geophilum, both being more abundant on seedlings from unburnt forest than on those from the burnt areas. The hymenoscyphoid morphotype, however, represents an interesting finding on Nothofagus roots from Chile because its morphology and anatomy resemble strikingly those of the "bicolorata" ectomycorrhiza, first described from northern hemisphere spruce forests (Gronbach 1988;Agerer 1987Agerer -2006.…”

Section: Descolea Antarctica Dominates Strongly Among Early Mycobiontsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-fire seedlings of Nothofagus alpina in Southern Chile show strong dominance of a single ectomycorrhizal fungus and a vertical shift in root architecture

2008

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We investigated belowground responses of Nothofagus alpina seedlings to post-fire conditions during natural regeneration after a wildfire in Chile, focusing on mycorrhizal community and root architecture. The complete root systems of 2-year-old N. alpina seedlings were extracted from a post-fire site with natural regeneration and compared to roots of seedlings from undisturbed forest nearby. Mycorrhizal morphotype richness was determined in each seedling. Morphometric parameters of tertiary root structure and dry biomass of whole root systems were determined in 5 cm vertical intervals and in four lateral root classes. With 43.5% of colonized vital mycorrhizal root tips, the Basidiomycete Descolea antarctica was the most abundant fungal symbiont on post-fire seedlings. Tertiary root morphology of these seedlings was distinct from control plants and characterized by a deep-reaching tap root with rather evenly distributed lateral branches whereas seedlings from the undisturbed site had shallower root systems with most lateral roots concentrated in the upper soil layers. Post-fire seedlings had more mycorrhizal rootlets and mycorrhiza-bearing third order lateral roots than control plants which was expressed in a 34% higher total root number but only a 10% higher total root biomass, although both values were not statistically significant. A major part of these fine roots in seedlings from burnt forest was found in deeper soil horizons, compared to the seedlings from undisturbed forest. According to our results, post-fire conditions clearly favour Descolea antarctica as an early ectomycorrhizal colonizer of Nothofagus seedlings at the studied site. As no significant changes in soil chemistry could be observed at the burnt site, the deep-reaching tertiary root architecture of these seedlings may be interpreted as a response to other abiotic factors like reduced moisture in surface soil.

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Pezizalean mycorrhizas and sporocarps in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) after prescribed fires in eastern Oregon, USA

Cited by 100 publications

References 39 publications

Ectomycorrhizal fungal spore bank recovery after a severe forest fire: some like it hot

Ectomycorrhizal fungal spore bank recovery after a severe forest fire: some like it hot

Mycorrhizal associations of nursery grown Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings in Poland

Post-fire seedlings of Nothofagus alpina in Southern Chile show strong dominance of a single ectomycorrhizal fungus and a vertical shift in root architecture

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