Peut-on parler d'anaphore chez le jeune enfant ? Le cas des pronoms de 3e personne

Abstract

Anne Salazar Orvig, Rouba Hassan, Jocelyne Leber-Marin, Haydée Marcos, Aliyah Morgenstern, Jacques Parés : Young children and anaphora. The use of 3rd person pronouns in early dialogues This article présents the results of a study on the émergence of anaphora in children''s speech. Concentrating on a dialogical perspective we show that the anaphoric value of children''s first pronouns émerges earlier than is usually claimed in the literature. Previous research on language development cornes to the conclusion that cohésion is precocious, but that intradiscursive relations are mastered quite late. Our quantitative results (drawn from the analysis of one hundred and five séquences of adult-child conversations) show that 90% ofchildren's pronouns are used for second mentions of discourse objects. Pronouns appear in contexts of high discursive continuity and shared attention. Thèse linguistic units are thereforespecialized very early. Our conclusion is that children do not start with a deictic use of pronouns and use them anaphorically later on. Moreover, first anaphoric devices are based in dialogue. The unity of the text could therefore spring from the unity of the dialogical exchange.

A linguagem da criança na concepção dialógico-discursiva: retrospectiva e desafios teórico-metodológicos para o campo de Aquisição da Linguagem

“…All content of Bakhtiniana. Revista de Estudos do Discurso is licensed under a Creative Commons attribution-type CC-BY 4.0 Frédéric François (1988;1989;1993;1994;2006), a graduated philosopher and linguist, was one of the first authors to bring Bakhtin and the Circle's theoretical issues to the discussion of the language of children, intending to achieve a broader understanding of the nature and functioning of human language. He was also concerned with the need to replace the existing theory of language acquisition with one that observed the ways in which language functions, reflecting on language, and language and culture, among other topics.…”

“…In the wake of François' works, those of Anne Salazar Orvig (1999;2003;2005; 2006, among others)a former student of the researcher and a now specialist in the field of Language Acquisition -, also fall into a Bakhtinian perspective that considers language within the dialogue in which it is inscribed and, therefore, the values of the linguistic units themselves are not taken as the point of departure for understanding a child's language, rather the linguistic units acquire value from their functioning within discourse (SALAZAR ORVIG et al, 2005). The author carries out studies based on this assumption, notably a study on the first referential expressions, the second and third person pronouns in particular (SALAZAR ORVIG et al, 2005;2006), and an interesting study on the plurifunctionality of the determinants and the value they assume in the relationship between the linguistic unit and the discursive context (SALAZAR ORVIG et al, 2013).…”

“…Thus, spurred by the works of François (1988;1989;1993;1994;2006), followed by those of Salazar Orvig (1999) and collaborators (SALAZAR ORVIG et al, 2005;2006), we were prompted, along with our research group, GEALin-FCLAr (Study From this trajectory, we can say that two principles serve as the point of departure for the current research developed by the GEALin group: i) that there is an inescapable relationship between language and culture and that is why the understanding of the way language constitutes us as subjects is essential for understanding the functioning of language itself; and ii) that our relationship with language is dialectical: we constitute it and are constituted by it, and it is in this interplay that the subject becomes singular, unique. Starting from these two assumptions implies knowing that focusing only on a child's acquisition of lexical-grammatical aspects is not enough to understand his or her movements in the construction of meanings in discourse.…”

L'impact du recours aux L1 dans l'appropriation du français de jeunes élèves allophones

“…Pour Lyons (1977), le premier procédé de référenciation est la déixis. Les recherches sur l'acquisition en L1 du système référentiel par les enfants sont nombreuses (Salazar-Orvig et al, 2006) et les résultats sont parfois contradictoires (Hickmann, 2000). Une des variables importantes, dans l'étude de l'acquisition de la référenciation, est le partage des connaissances.…”

Aquisição da Linguagem na perspectiva dialógico-discursiva: um olhar para os dados de duas crianças (Language acquisition in the dialogical-discursive perspective: analysing the data of two children )

“…Como especificado em trabalhos anteriores (DEL RÉ, HILÁRIO, VIEIRA, 2021; DEL RÉ, HILÁRIO, 2014, entre outros), alguns pensadores são fundamentais para se compreender o processo de entrada da criança na língua nessa perspectiva, sendo-nos muito caros os conceitos por eles mobilizados. Citamos, por exemplo, François (1989;1994;2006), Salazar-Orvig (1999;2003), Vygotsky (2005), Bruner (20042007) etc. No caso desses dois últimos autores, ainda que eles tenham desenvolvido seus trabalhos vinculados à área da Psicologia, ambos trouxeram muitas informações que dialogam com a ideia de uso da língua/linguagem pelo homem na sociedade -e, acreditamos, suas obras ajudam-nos a pensar o processo de entrada da criança na língua de sua comunidade.…”