Petrological evolution of Karlıova-Varto volcanism (Eastern Turkey): Magma genesis in a transtensional triple-junction tectonic setting

Karaoğlu, Özgür; Gülmez, Fatma; Göçmengil, Gönenç; Lustrino, Michele; Giuseppe, Paolo Di; Manetti, Piero; Savaşçın, Mehmet Yilmaz; Agostini, Samuele

doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2020.105524

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The 10 Ma magmatism is thus probably too late for detachment of a slab currently residing at 500 km depth (Figures 7 and 8) but may instead be a consequence of break‐off on the westernmost end of Bitlis‐Zagros Suture, where the slab resides at shallower depths (Figures 7 and 8), or of alternative magma‐generating mechanisms. Agreeing with a later break‐off in the west are geochemical signatures of Quaternary volcanic rocks in the Karlıova triple junction (KTJ; Figure 1), located along the westernmost Bitlis‐Zagros Suture, which are primarily subduction‐related, unlike further east, where volcanism is increasingly asthenospherically derived (Karaoğlu et al., 2020). We next explore lithospheric removal as an alternative mechanism for magmatism across Anatolia, investigating whether some of the fast wave speed mantle anomalies are removed Anatolian lithosphere, rather than subducted African oceanic lithosphere.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Tomographic Imaging of the Eastern Mediterranean Mantle: Implications for Terminal‐Stage Subduction, the Uplift of Anatolia, and the Development of the North Anatolian Fault

Kounoudis

Bastow

Ogden

et al. 2020

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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The Eastern Mediterranean captures the east‐west transition from active subduction of Earth's oldest oceanic lithosphere to continental collision, making it an ideal location to study terminal‐stage subduction. Asthenospheric‐ or subduction‐related processes are the main candidates for the region's ∼2 km uplift and Miocene volcanism; however, their relative importance is debated. To address these issues, we present new P and S wave relative arrival‐time tomographic models that reveal fast anomalies associated with an intact Aegean slab in the west, progressing to a fragmented, partially continental, Cyprean slab below central Anatolia. We resolve a gap between the Aegean and Cyprean slabs, and a horizontal tear in the Cyprean slab below the Central Anatolian Volcanic Province. Below eastern Anatolia, the completely detached “Bitlis” slab is characterized by fast wave speeds at ∼500 km depth. Assuming slab sinking rates mirror Arabia‐Anatolia convergence rates, the Bitlis slab's location indicates an Oligocene (∼26 Ma) break‐off. Results further reveal a strong velocity contrast across the North Anatolian Fault likely representing a 40–60 km decrease in lithospheric thickness from the Precambrian lithosphere north of the fault to a thinned Anatolian lithosphere in the south. Slow uppermost‐mantle wave speeds below active volcanoes in eastern Anatolia, and ratios of P to S wave relative traveltimes, indicate a thin lithosphere and melt contributions. Positive central and eastern Anatolian residual topography requires additional support from hot/buoyant asthenosphere to maintain the 1–2 km elevation in addition to an almost absent lithospheric mantle. Small‐scale fast velocity structures in the shallow mantle above the Bitlis slab may therefore be drips of Anatolian lithospheric mantle.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Tomographic Imaging of the Eastern Mediterranean Mantle: Implications for Terminal‐Stage Subduction, the Uplift of Anatolia, and the Development of the North Anatolian Fault

Kounoudis

Bastow

Ogden

et al. 2020

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…Hence, mantle-derived basaltic melts intruded in Anatolian lower crustal levels, and led to the generation of felsic magmas as the second stage of volcanism, according to Yılmaz et al, (2007). Early to Middle Miocene volcanic activity in this region (called Eastern Anatolian Accretionary Complex, EAAC), was observed in the Elazığ-Tunceli region (Pertek and Mazgirt area;Di Giuseppe et al, 2017;Karaoğlu et al, 2017Karaoğlu et al, , 2020 and the Sivas-Malatya region (Yamadağ and Kepez Dağ, Kürüm et al, 2008;Ekici, 2016;Ekici et al, 2009). They are ranging in composition from basalt to dacite-rhyolite, with a calc-alkaline affinity (e.g., Agostini et al, 2019).…”

Section: Magmatic Activities In the Southwest Of The Eastern Anatolia Collisional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They suggested that these coeval magmas were generated in a post-collisional extensional geodynamic setting in the region. Accordingly, for Miocene to Quaternary volcanic rocks, ranging from alkali basalt to rhyolite, in the Karlıova-Varto region in the East Anatolia, Karaoğlu et al, (2017Karaoğlu et al, ( , 2020 concluded that they are triggered by active lithosphere passive asthenospheric mantle, and associated with lithospheric thinning and upliftrelated inversion tectonics (reactivation of pre-existing faults), and mainly dominated by subduction-related signatures, with most of the primary magma characteristics having been masked by fractionation and crustal assimilation processes.…”

Section: Magmatic Activities In the Southwest Of The Eastern Anatolia Collisional Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent petrological and geophysical studies (e.g., Çoban, 2007;Karaoğlu et al, 2017Karaoğlu et al, , 2020Keskin, 2003;2005;Barazangi et al, 2006;Okay et al, 2010;Skobeltsyn et al, 2014;Di Giuseppe et al, 2017McNab et al, 2018;Kaban et al, 2018;Portner et al, 2018;Agostini et al, 2019;Lin et al, 2020;Azizi et al, 2021) signify that there is a geodynamic linkage amongst the closure of the Neo-Tethys, collision of Arabia with Eurasia, break-off of the Bitlis slab, and associated asthenospheric mantle flows and uplift as major driving forces for the onset of post-subduction volcanism in Eastern Anatolia collision-related tectonic setting. Accordingly, three controversial models have been proposed for the tectonic setting of the Early to Middle Miocene magmatism in Eastern Anatolia: (i) active subduction model (Agostini et al, 2019;Di Giuseppe et al, 2017, (ii) continental extension model (post-collisional) (Topuz et al, 2019;Azizi et al, 2021) and collision-related (syn-collisional) model (Ekici, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Generation of collision-induced Early to Middle Miocene adakitic magmas in Pertek (Tunceli) area from Eastern Anatolia postsubductional setting, Turkey

KÜRÜM,

ÇOBAN,

AYDIN

2021

Turkish J Earth Sci

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Early to Middle Miocene andesite-dacite porphyries are well exposed to the Pertek area of Tunceli, Eastern Anatolia, and represent an example of adakite-like magma generation in Eastern Anatolia (post-subductional) collisional setting. Mineral associations in these porphyries are composed of plagioclase (oligoclase-andesinelabradorite), amphibole (pargasite-ferropargasite), biotite, rare quartz, K-feldspar, and minor Fe-Ti oxides. Geochemically they are high-K calc-alkaline in nature and characterized by high SiO2 (>62 wt.%), Al2O3 (mostly >16 wt.%), Na2O/K2O ratio (1.3 -1.7), and Sr (generally >400 ppm) contents. Volcanic rocks display depletion in HFSEs, Nb, Ta, and Ti, and slight negative Eu anomaly; have low HREEs, Y (< 11 ppm) and Yb (< 0.75 ppm) contents, and are enriched in LREE, LILE, Zr, and Hf. These geochemical traits point to the adakite-like affinity for Pertek andesite-dacite porphyries, however, they present some geochemical characteristics of both oceanic slab-derived and continental crust-derived adakites and show a dual character. Enrichment in K2O, Th, Rb, 2 and Hf in these adakitic porphyries is mostly associated with the crust-derived terrigenous sediments during active subduction, before the Early Miocene. It is concluded that the continent-continent collision between the Arabian Plate and Eurasian Plate, break-off of Bitlis slab, and the onset of volcanism in the region was developed at Early to Middle Miocene, and the Pertek adakitic volcanism was triggered by collision-and slab breakoff-induced asthenospheric mantle flows. Accordingly, our results show that a mixture of varying amounts of melts fed by sources from both amphibolitic lower crust, and subcontinental lithospheric mantle metasomatized by sediment fluids is the most likely parental magma to the Pertek adakitic porphyries.

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“…It defines the Anatolian Plate's southeastern boundary and represents a broad shear zone. The EATF extends between the Karlıova depression in the North (Karaoğlu et al 2020) and the Maraş region in the South (Fig. 3) (for the morphology along the EATF zone, see Duman and Emre 2013 and Yılmaz 2017).…”

Section: The Eastern Anatoliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphotectonic development of the Adana plain and the surrounding mountains, South Turkey

Yılmaz

2020

Med. Geosc. Rev.

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Petrological evolution of Karlıova-Varto volcanism (Eastern Turkey): Magma genesis in a transtensional triple-junction tectonic setting

Cited by 17 publications

References 79 publications

Seismic Tomographic Imaging of the Eastern Mediterranean Mantle: Implications for Terminal‐Stage Subduction, the Uplift of Anatolia, and the Development of the North Anatolian Fault

Seismic Tomographic Imaging of the Eastern Mediterranean Mantle: Implications for Terminal‐Stage Subduction, the Uplift of Anatolia, and the Development of the North Anatolian Fault

Generation of collision-induced Early to Middle Miocene adakitic magmas in Pertek (Tunceli) area from Eastern Anatolia postsubductional setting, Turkey

Morphotectonic development of the Adana plain and the surrounding mountains, South Turkey

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